最新虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法(15篇)

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虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇一

a brief of stephen hawking

stephen hawking ; born , 1942 oxford,england.

high school: st albans school

college: oxford university

cambridge university: do research

incurable disease; motorneuron (肌萎缩性侧索硬化症) wheelchair; a computer system made great contributions in physics

scanning

why did stephen hawking need a phd?

when did hawking become famous ?

when did hawking visit beijing ?

true or false statements:

g was told that he had an incurable disease when he was just 21 years old. t

y hawking had to give up phd and his research

and roger penrose made new discoveries about the big bang and black holes. t

4.“a brief history of time” is too difficult for people to understand.

e is about true facts that never change.

hawking gives lectures, he always speaks through a computer.

choice

1. which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? ______ d

a. hawking is famous for his new discoveries.

b. people should come to terms with their fate.

c. a scientific theory is always wrong.

d. anyone with great determination will achieve his success.

2. hawking became famous in the early 1970s because _____. d

a. he was disabled b. he was a phd

c. he was sitting in a famous chair d. he made new discoveries about universe

3. according to the passage, what does “an american accent” mean? ______ c

a. hawking’s accent. b. hawking’s voice.

c. sounds translated by computer. d. accent of some british people.

4. from the passage, we can infer that _____. d

a. hawking got married to jane wilde before he fell ill b. science is always true

c. hawking is an american d. great scientists always want to know more

questions

1. what did steven hawking do when he was told that he had an incurable disease?

2. how would most people feel when they were told that they had incurable diseases and may not live long?

3. what did hawking do when visiting china?

4. what did hawking write in 1988? and what did he explain in the book?

5. according to professor hawking, how do people misunderstand science?

6. what is that hawking does not like about his speech computer?

7. what are the basic steps of the scientific method?

discussion

how can we grow rice where there is little water?(using the scientific method )

integrating skills

what’s the characteristic of galileo galilei?

curious creative

why could stephen hawking make contributions to science work? want to know more

what can be described as the ability to use knowledge? creativity

read for the information to complete the table:

scientists how they make a difference characteristics

stephen hawking always want to know more;

never satisfied with a simple answer… curious

galileo galilei used a microscope and telescope… curious believe in what you do

the earth moves around the sun

zhang heng built a model…show how the

position of the stars changed…. creative..imagination,believe in what you do

invented seismograph

unit 2

step1 lead in

do you know what they are?

and do you know how they are made?

step 2 pre-reading

the text below is about reporters and newspapers. look at the title and the pictures. try to guess which of the following questions the text will answer.

_____ how does a reporter decide what to write?

_____ how much does a newspaper cost?

_____ why do people read newspapers?

_____ how do newspapers report what happens?

_____ where do people read newspapers?

_____ how do newspapers help us understand the world?

topic sentence :newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens

how do you decide what you are going to write?

zhu lin: before …, discuss … editor…listens, suggests… ( long ＆ important ) …tell…develop editor’s job----keep …balanced ＆ interesting

chen ying: …done…before starting; begin by contacting…questions interviewing, how ---ask, get…to talk…after…present….,make sure----reflects…

which of the articles that you have written do you like best?

chen ying: about the efforts contact museums ＆ interview experts because …news ＆ story

zhu lin : …about an ordinary young woman who…adapt to…life because …with real passion; realize…unique

topic sentence: the media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.

step 3 careful reading

now please read the text carefully and try to find out the answers to the following questions.

were asked to be interviewed?

does a reporter have to discuss with before he/she decides what to write? and what is the person’s job?

interviewing someone difficult? what must a reporter know?

of the articles that they have written do they like best? why?

could they write about if they could write any article? why?

is the basic task for a reporter?

result can tv programmes and printed articles bring to us?

post reading

of the pre-reading questions are answered in the text?

2. if you were a reporter, what would you like to write about?

3. it is important to be a critical reader. how would you “read” the following media messages?

true or false

per and other media just record what happens.

reporter has to discuss with the editor before he/she decides what to write. t

has been done before the reporter starts writing. t

ying’s favourite story is about an ordinary young woman.

media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. t

discussion:

do you believe these media ?

unit 3

scanning

was modernism invented?

invented modernism?

a group of architects who wanted to change society with building that went against people’s feeling of beauty

did they invent modernism?

modernism … in the 1920s by …who …

that went against people’s feeling of beauty. they wanted their buildings…to look natural.

skimming

sum up the main idea of the text:

paragraph 1 architecture looks at the man-made living environment.

paragraph 2 modernism

paragraph 3 modern architecture

paragraph 4 though modern buildings impress us, they seem hard and unfriendly.

paragraph 5 ancient architecture shows us many beautiful buildings.

paragraph 6 antonio gaudi was an architect inspired by nature.

paragraph 7 there are other modern architecture inspired from nature

paragraph 8 the new olympic stadium.

part 1(1 para.) architecture looks at the man-made living environment.

part 2(2-4 para.) modernism and modern buildings

part 3(5 para.) ancient architecture

part 4(6-8 para.) some modern architecture takes examples from nature.

part 1: every great culture in the past had its own ideas expressed in art and architecture.

part 2 how and when modernism came into being?

part 3: the difference between traditional and modern…, and why ancient architecture…

part 4: examples of famous architects and great buildings that take examples from nature.

answer the following questions

is antonio gaudi?

he is a modern architect. his building are full of fantastic colors and shapes and he likes to use some natural materials.

is lloyd wright ?

he is a modern architect, and build an art museum in new york. he was inspired by japanese seashells.

3. what the materials of modern architecture and the ancient architecture?

careful reading

1. every great culture has the same styles for buildings, streets, squares and parks

2. modernism wants the buildings constructed in a way to look natural.

3. earth, stone, brick and wood are used in modern architecture.

4. compared with ancient architecture, modern architecture stands much closer to nature.

5. both the works of antonio gaudi and frank lloyd wright take examples from nature. t

6. the olympic stadium in beijing looks warm and friendly . t

compare ancient architecture with modern architecture

shape material feeling example

ancient architecture nature does not earth,stone, beautiful taihe dian

have any straight lines. brick,wood natural the temple of heaven

cathedral

modern.. huge,like boxes with flat steel, glass,

roofs,sharp corners and concrete, hard and most of modern buildings

glass walls unfriendly look the same

post reading

answer the questions on page20: what do the words in bold refer to?

you do not feel invited to enter them modern buildings

antonio gaudi, a spanish architect, was the first to understand that.

nature doesn’t have any straight lines.

he only wanted natural materials, such as stone, brick and wood to be used and many parts of his building. antonio gaudi’s

scan the text and find two architects whose work was inspired by nature. what inspired them.

antonio gaudi: eyes, bones, fish and a dragon

frank lloyd wright: japanese seashells

answer the following question

two architects were inspired by nature when they designed?

antonio gaudi and frank lloyd

2. into which two groups can we spanide those materials mentioned in the text?

traditional materials and modern materials.

discussion

what’s your feeling about the design of the 2008 olympic stadium in beijing?

share your design for the 2008 olympics!!

unit 4

scanning

scan the text and answer the questions.

poetry reminds us of su dongpo?

john donne reminds readers of su dongpo.

poetry reminds chinese readers of du fu or li bai?

wordsworth, byron, and keats remind readers of du fu and li bai.

you name some famous chinese poets?

li bai, du fu, wang wei, bai juyi etc.

down 5 key words that you would expect to find in a text about poetry.

poem, poet, rhyme, style, image (literature, language, form, line)

fast-reading

questions

1. what are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?

2. whose poetry reminds chinese readers of du fu or li bai? whose of su dongpo?

william wordsworth

george gordon byron john donne

john keats

careful-reading

para. 1 the characters of poetry.

para. 2 chinese ancient poets and poetry.

para. 3 early english poets.

para. 4 english poets of the 19th century.

para. 5 why modern poets have special attraction?

para. 6 the introduction of english poetry to china.

para. 7 why more people are interested in english poetry.

spanide the text into 4 parts

part 1 para 1 brief introduction to poetry

part 2 para 2 chinese poetry and poets

part 3 para3,4.5 history of english poetry

part 4 para 6,7 poems can be bridges between the east and the west

choose the best answer

english came into being from about the middle of the ____ century. a

a.16th b. 17th c. 18th d. 19th

2. the poetry of marvell reminds chinese readers of the poems by ____. c

fu b. li bai c. su dongpo d. gou moruo

3. byron’s “isles of greece” is an example of _____. b

a. a sonnet b. romantic poetry c. nature poetry d. modern poetry

4. the wider public in cina discovered english poetry at the beginning of the _____ century. d

a.17th b. 18th c. 19th. d. 20th

5. the advantage of reading english poetry in chinese translation is ____. d

you have more advice b. that something of the spirit is lost

c. that you understand it better d. that you learn how to express yourself in new ways

true or false

wider public in china discovered english poetry at the beginning of the 19th century. f

2. modern english came into being from about the end of the 17th century.

3. the advantage of reading english poetry in chinese translation is that you understand it better.

further-understanding

1. when did modern english start ?

modern english started around the time of william shakespeare,towards the end of the sixteenth century .

2. why do modern poets have their special attraction?

because they stand closest to us both in the language and images they use .

3. when did chinese readers start reading more foreign poetry?

towards the end of the nineteenth century chinese readers started reading more foreign poetry .

4. what are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?

① poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar

② poetry is difficult to write,but interesting to read

③ poetry calls up all the colors, feelings,experiences and curious images of a dream world.

there are some words in bold; can you tell what do they refer to?

para. 1 that makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read.

------poetry plays with sounds,words and grammar.

para. 3 despite its short history,there is a lot of good poetry around.

------english poetry’s

para. 4 the style and atmosphere in their poems has often…

------william wordsworth,byron,john keats

para. 5 finally, modern poets have their special …in the language and images they use.

------modern poets

para. 7 they can help us to understand each other better,…------poems and literature

discussion

are poems good for our life? what can we get from poems?

1. poems bring passion (激情) to our life.

2. poems help us to understand life, virtues, beauty and romance…

3. poems make us know, we are here,we can make our life and the world more colorful!

unit 5

lead-in

places are they?

river thames oxford university british museum thames and big ben london bridge

listen to the tape and answer the following questions.

countries is the great britain made up of?

three,england,scotland and wales.

there much rain in the britain isles?

yes,there is much rain

did england and wales make up the union? 1536.

is the warmest months in the british isles? july and august

skimming:

skim the text and find out the top sentences for each paragraph.

para. 1: the idea that england stands for fish&chips, the speakers’ corner and the tower of london is past. (idea)

para 2: the british isles is a group of islands that lies off the west coast of europe. (geography)

para 3: the climate of the british isles is mild with a lot of rain. (climate)

para 4: the culture of the people in the british isles has received many influences from the european mainland. (culture)

para 5: in 1066, all of great britain and ireland was run over by the french. (french influence)

para 6: the united kingdom has a long history. (history)

para 7: in modern times, people throughout the british isles speak english. (language)

read the passage carefully and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:

( ) people around the world study english, and they know a lot about british culture.

( ) britain is made up of four countries.

( t ) island of britain is separated from france by the english channel.

( ) nd is colder throughout the year, but receives less rain.

( t ) from different parts of northern europe settled in england, so the culture of the people of the british isles was influenced by them.

( t ) southern part of ireland is now an independent republic.

( ) 7. in modern time, people throughout the british isles only speak english.

scanning:

read for details and fill in the form:

headings details

idea fact unknown: made up of three kingdoms

cultural spanersity: different country, common language

geography position of britain: off the west coast

england: in the east

scotland: in the north

wales: in the west

position of ireland: west of britain

position of the isle of man: in the irish sea/ between britain and ireland

position of the channel islands southeast of britain

climate the british isles: mild

the channel isles: warmer and sunnier

scotland: cold

england and wales: rains a lot

culture influenced by the european mainland

french influence the reason why many english words end up with french words: ruled by french in 1066

history 1536: england and wales formed the union

1707: scotland joined the union

ireland used to be: part of the uk

and now is: an independent republic

northern ireland: part of uk

the isle of man and channel islands: ruled by the king of england

language english, welsh, scottish, gaelic and irish

scan the text and answer the following questions

are the most important facts about the united kingdom?

the united kingdom is made up of four parts. they are england, scotland, wales and northern ireland.

countries make up the british isles?

great britain, ireland, the channel islands and isle of man.

are the most important facts about ireland?

ireland is a large island in europe. northern ireland is part of the uk. while the rest makes up the republic of ireland.

questions

1. what is the uk?

the uk is really a nation of different countries held together by a common language and culture.

’s the weather in the british isles like?

the climate of the british isles is mild with a lot of rain. scotland is colder throughout the year. it also has plenty of rain.

3. from where did the culture of the people in the british isles receive many influence?

the european mainland

4. who ran over the great britain in1066? what’s the result of french influence?

the french. the result was that there were many french words in the english language.

5. which are the first two countries that joined in the uk?

england and wales.

6. what do people throughout the british isles speak now? english

unit 6

what are mentioned in the article?

travel online shopping smart credit cards education health medical science sports

pre-reading

scan the text to find out in which paragraph you can find answers to the questions.

will people shop in the future? para 3

will people travel in the future? para 2

will schools be like in the future? para 5

will the future be like in generals? para 1、6

transportation

ed with the past, what is the most important thing in future transportation?

no pollution is the most important thing.

will the maglev train be popular in the future?

maglev train environmentally friendly

energy –saving

amazing speed---430 km/h

controlled by an advanced computer system.

health and medicine

what makes it possible for people to enjoy a longer life?

people will pay attention to ….

people are careful about….

advances in medical science allow us….

new discoveries in …and … may lead to….

education and knowledge

will the schools of the future be different from what they are today?

there may be more “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.

will the way we view learning and knowledge change?

we will become lifelong learners

conlusion

what should we do to make sure we will have a bright future?

if we learn to accept and appreciate what is new and different. we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.

main idea of each paragraph

para.1 . computers are already being used in agriculture and industry.

para. 2. people will also use computers more and more in their personal lives.

para. 3. it’s possible that people will work at home.

ers will be used more and more in transport.

para. travel will become much cheaper

para. the fields of education, health and research,computers will continue to play an important part.

main idea of two parts

part 1: the prediction of the life in the future.

part2: future transportation/ education/business/ health and medicine

true or false

1. public transportation is already well developed in most areas of china.

2. scientists are developing new fuels and engines that are environmentally friendly. t

3. people can combine shopping with fun in the future. t

4. e-commerce will not be so popular as it is not very safe.

will still prefer using cash instead of cards in the future.

6. in the future distance education will play an important part. t

is one way to catch a glimpse of the future ?

one way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.

’s the advantage of on-line shopping?

for companies, the internet makes it easier to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.

for people , shopping is no longer a necessity but a form of entertainment combining shopping with fun .

kinds of schools will be there in the future?why are they useful？

they are “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.

because people can study whenever they have time and wherever they may be and , what’s more, they will become lifelong learners.

post-reading

advantages disadvantages

future transportation clean, fast, safe, without pollution high cost, expensive

online shopping convenient saving time no insurance of quality

future life longer and healthier

e-schools interesting, convenient, saving time no face-to-face coach

summary

fields what will be used? results

transportation new technology ;new fuels and engines cleaner, faster and safer.

business e-commerce;mall; smart cards. convenient, fun.

health and medicine healthy diet ; exercising regularly; enjoy a longer and healthier life;

advances in medical science. remain active

education and e-schools; distance education can study at home; lifelong learners.

knowledge

note-making

area use

farms control the growing conditions of plants

banks change money ;pay bills

houses central computer to control heating and hot water recognize some’s voice

transport work out the best distance between trains operate trains

education store texts

unit 7

step1 : leading-in

they are all living with hiv

step 2: skimming

what ways does aids spread?

aids, which is caused by hiv, can be transmitted via unprotected sex, infected blood transfusion or through birth.

many children were infected in the world in ?

as a result, 3.2 million children were infected in 2002.

step 3 intensive reading

find out the main points of each part

para.1 xiaohua is a person living with aids

para2 what is aids.

para.3 how do people get aids

para.4 many children become infected with aids.

para.5 since there is little hope for xiaohua, she decides to use the limited time to do something to help others.

para.6 &7 xiaohua helps aids patients and tries to change people’s attitude to them.

part1 para.1

part 2 para.2

part 3 para.3

part 4 para.4

part 5 para.5,6,7 how does a person live with aids and how do others deal with a person living with aids?

main idea:

this passage mainly tells us what we should do toward aids and aids patients

step 4 scanning

please read the text carefully again and add more questions to your list.

kind of disease is aids?

aids is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illness.

is the disease spreading faster?and why?

in africa and parts of asia,mainly because of a lack of proper health care,prevention and education

kind of people suffers the most? the young.

did xiao hua decide to do after she know she got aids?

she decided to use the limited time she has left to do something to help others.

the disease the only thing that aids patients have to suffer from?

no,they also have to deal with people’s fear of the disease

is the best way to show you care about aids patients?

giving an aids patients a hug.

step 5: listening and reading

will die immediately after they get aids.

2. xiao hua has hardly any hope to survive. t

3. in 2002, 3.2 million children in the world were infected with hiv. t

4. we should avoid any contact with aids patients.

5. xiaohua’s life won’t be as long as her classmates’ so she is unhappy.

6. giving an aids patient a hug is the best way to show that you care him / her. t

step 6 post-reading

out the difference between aids and hiv.

hiv is the virus that caused aids. aids is a kind of incurable disease. people get aids after having been infected with hiv virus.

2. how should we act towards people who have hiv / aids? what can we do to help them?

we should be helpful ,friendly and understanding .we can help them by learning more about the disease and by treating them as normal people.

uni 8

step 1 lead-in

should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding? why?

would you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake? why?

step 2 skim the text and complete the table

letter represent meaning

d danger the accident scene is no longer dangerous

r response to know that he/she is conscious and can breathe.

a airway to make sure a person’s airway is open and it is easy to breathe.

b breathing to start the person who is not breathing at once, using mouth-to-mouth method.

c circulating make sure the person’s blood is circulating by looking for color, coughing and eye movement.

step 3 fast- reading

what’s the topic of the paragraphs ?

para. 1. first aid is very important

para. 2 the most important is to stay calm.

para. 3-4 when we have to think fast,we must remember dr abc to give first aid

para. 5-6 when we have checked the dr abc we should give the first aid that is needed and call an ambulance.

step 4 scanning

1). is it vital to learn some knowledge about first aid? why?

yes, because seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference and death.

2). what is the most important thing to bear in mind when you are confronted with an emergency? and for what reason?

we must stay calm, for only in this way will we be able to consider what to do and make better decisions.

3). what is a correct way of placing a body so that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe?

(answers on page 60.)

a…

b…

c…

step 5 listen to the tape and answer the question.

para. 1 first aid is very important

why is first aid important in our daily life ?

para. 2 what is the most important thing to remember when dealing with an emergency ?

para. 3-4 what do the hospitals recommend ?

what do the letters dr abc stand for ?

what are three important things?

that the person can breathe.

the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing at once.

the person is bleeding badly, you must try to stop the bleeding.

para. 5 what should we do when we have checked the dr abc ?

para. 6 can we do first aid correctly after reading this passage?

step 6 comprehension

1. by saying “ seconds count in an emergency, ” the writer means ________.

a time is very important b you can count numbers by the second

c time is life d to be calm down, in an emergency, just say numbers by the second

2. what should you do if you want to do first aid correctly ?

with a teacher. b remember the letters dr abc

c stay calm d all of the above

3. according to the passage, people in the accident_______.

a. can be helped by anyone who’d like to do so

b. should be waken up as soon as possible

c. should be put in the recovery position when having been given first aid

d. can be given first aid even without checking the dr abc

4. which of the following sentences best expresses

the main idea of the passage?

a. dr abc should be remembered

b. remembering the letters dr abc is enough forfirst aid

c. why first aid is important and what the letters dr abc stand for in an emergency

d. what the letters dr abc mean

5. in the passage., the author seems to be _________.

ning the meaning of the letters dr abc b. telling us the importance of the first aid

c. giving some basic information about first aid d. showing the importance of dr abc

step 7 true or false

1. we can do nothing but call an ambulance or the police when someone is hurt.

2. if you don’t know about first aid, never try to revive the wounded person. t

3. we can check blood circulating only by looking for eye movement.

4. if the person is not breathing , we must start her breathing in ten minutes.

5. if a person is bleeding, make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.

6. when the accident happens, go to save the wounded people immediately.

step 8 post-reading

look at the pictures on page60. use what you have learnt from the text to explain what the people are

doing in the pictures.

picture 1

the man is gently tipping the person’s head back to make sure that his airway is open and it is easy to breathe.

picture 2

if a person is not breathing, we can use the mouth-to-mouth way to start his/her breathing. and this must be done within five minutes.

picture 3

if a person is bleeding, we should cover the wound with a clean piece of cloth and press on the wound to stop the bleeding.

step 9 retelling

retell something about dr abc according to the table in pairs.

step 10 group discussion

what are some of the most important things to do at the scene of an accident?

firstly, we should keep calm, make better decisions and call an ambulance or the police.

secondly, we should check the dr abc and then give first aid if we know how to do it.

thirdly, we should put the person in the recovery position and make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.

finally, we should cover the person with a blanket or a jacket to help him or her stay calm, stay with him or her and wait for the ambulance.

unit 9

skimming

when and where was the first earth summit held? what did they do then?

it was first held in stockholm in entatives discussed some of the most important problems facing our planet. much progress has been made.

step1. fast reading

try to find the main idea of each them.

para.1 a brief introduction to 1972,2002 earth summits.

para2 the big three and the results caused by them

para.3 the responsibilities of the richer countries

para.4 how to save the earth

para.5 small changes make big difference

para.6 sts’ better understanding of he environment and their willingness to act are important

para.7 one of the solutions to the problems---education

listening

1. listen to para 1 and find one of the main themes of the summit.

sustainable development

2. listen to para 2& 3 and find what topics are talked about by the speakers.

1)what are “the big three”?

contaminated drinking water

poor sanitation air pollution

2) poverty, war, violence

what’s the present problem with the global development?

richer people get richer while the poor get poorer.

should rich counties do to solve this problem?

rich countries have a responsibility towards poor countries and must do whatever they can to help others.

scan the text and see which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? c

a．different countries have different opinions about development.

b．equality and fairness are badly needed in the today’s world.

c．the earth summit, a way to save the earth.

d．sustainable development, the future for the world.

1.“sustainable development ” was brought forth _______. b

a. at the stockholm summit b. at the johannesburg earth summit

c. by the world health organization d. by chinas former premier zhu rongji

2. which of the following is the main cause of millions of deaths in rural areas ? c

a. lack of drinking water b. poor sanitation

c. air pollution d. freezing cold

3. which is the best way to make developing countries prosper ? d

a. holding conferences like the earth summit

b. richer countries offer much help

c. a better understanding of the environment

d. international cooperation

4. which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage ? c

a. different countries have different opinions about development

b. equality and fairness are badly needed in the todays world

c. the earth summit , a way to save the earth

d. sustainable development , the future for the world

5. which of the following statements is true according to the passage ? d

earth summit was once of great help to china

b. the earth summit is the best way to solve all kinds of problems

c. without poverty , war or violence we can develop the world successfully

d. our willingness to take action is necessary for the protection of our environment

compare with your partner and decide what you think each part of the text will be about

introduction (para 1) introduction of the earth summit

body (para 2-6) major problems facing the world

conclusion (para 7) what we can do to solve the problem

introduction (para 1)

fill in the form

the earth summit

time place theme

1972 stockholm the human environment

2002 johannesburg sustainable development

the text carefully.

para.1 read it quickly,and answer the questions.

in 2002, the earth summit was held in johannesburg in

south africa. one of the main themes of the summit was sustainable development

what does “sustainable development” mean? d

ping the nature. ping economy.

better care of the earth. ping the world without damaging the environment

para2. listen to the tape .

what does the “big three” refer to?

contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution.

try to find these sentences true or false.

the three big killers in the world are poverty, war, and violence.

air pollution is a big problem only in rural areas,especially in developing countries.

20% of the people on earth have no clean drinking water.

read para.4---para.6. do the following exercises.

one of the visitors said shows that____. c

re exist serious problems at present.

is difficult to save the earth.

earth summits make people understand the environment.

of us have realized the importance of protecting the environment.

’s the earth summit? c

’s a place to find problems.

b. it’s a place to discuss how to develop economy.

’s a place to find solutions to how to develop without damaging the environment

of the following statements is not true according to the passage? b

a. farmers are increasing the numbers of their cattle.

b. farmers are limiting the numbers of their cattle.

c. heavy rains and strong winds are destroying the valuable soil.

trees are left to hold the soil in place on the hillside.

pollution doesnt cause _______. d

a. the destroying of forests b. the killing of fish in lakes

c. illnesses and injuries to people d. the spreading of clouds of radiation

is the possible reason why the mediterranean can’t clean itself? d

quarter of the shores are polluted. b. a lot of diseases are present in the water.

c. it lies between europe and africa. d. it has only one narrow entrance to the ocean.

4. the 1st part of the passage is mainly about ________. a

a. the reasons why the area of desert is growing

b. the numbers of cattle farmers should keep

c. the valuable soil strong winds blow away

d. the damage rains and winds bring about

5. if people change their habits, pollution _______. b

a. can be completely stopped b. will become less and less

c. can do less damage to people do no harm to people

6. according to the text _________ are the worst enemy of nature. b

a. cattle b. humans c. deserts d. chemicals

now, please read the passage carefully. you should pay attention to some detailed information in the passage . after that .please answer these questions.

1 .what are the “big three”?

the “big three” refers to contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and air pollution.

2 . why are conferences like the earth summit important?

because they help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there’s still time to take action. they can tell us what we can do to help, too.

3 .what issues are discussed at the earth summit?

contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution, poverty, wars and violence.

4．what is the key to the problem according to the text? why?

education 1. to build a better society and put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three

2. to wipe out much of the poverty.

3. to see less violence and fewer wars.

summary

accidents i. time : 1986

place : at a nuclear power station in russia

results : 125,000 die

accidents ii time : 1984

place : at a factory in the town of bhopal in india

results : 2500 be killed; many lose sight

fact causes results

earth desert grow every year cattle ; trees be cut down have less farm land

air be polluted; chemical rain smoke from; accidents forests be destroyed; fish be killed ;

do harm to people

water be polluted; diseases waste from ; accidents living things be killed ; have less

drinking water ; nowhere to swim

discussion

if you are one of the representatives at the earth summit, what proposal will you offer to solve the problems on the earth?

unit 10

step 1 lead in

’s the weather like today?

you often care about the weather?

do you hear about it?

you ever heard of typhoon?

words can you think of to describe the typhoon weather?

heavy wind (blow hard) storm roaring thunder

also roaring forties: part of the atlantic ocean, often very stormy, between latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees south.

6. what will you feel in such kind of weather?

frightened, scared, terrible, happy (why?)

7. what about the hurricane? have you everheard about it?

8. what about volcano?

9. look at the picture. find out as much as you can to describe it.

eruption lava

10. how is a volcano formed?

the rocks under the earth becomes hotter and hotter and erupted from the mountain.

11. where is the most possible place that a volcano may erupt? near the oceans

12. do you know how a volcano works,if you do, describe it?

gas vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulphur, etc.

solid bits of rock and volcanic ash, etc.

liquid lava

step 2 pre reading

the town of pompeii (relics) two thousand years ago 18 hours

skimming

main idea of each part:

para.1 general introduction to the letter.

para.2 when and where the volcano erupted?

para.3-6 what pliny did when the volcano erupted?

para.7 conclusion to the letter.

decide whether the following sentences are true or false.

1.a volcano erupted on the 24th of august in 79 bc in southern italy.

uncle planned to save his friend’s wife rectina.

uncle went to rescue pompy after saving rectina. t

flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.

y decided to try the open air instead of staying in the house. t

was night when the volcano erupted

spanide the text into several parts and tell the main idea of each part.

step 3 while reading

scan the text and answer the following questions.

did tacitus ask the author to do?

ask him to write him sth about the death of his uncle pliny.

whom was the letter which the author’s uncle brought?

from his friend’s wife rectina.

was rectina’s house?

at the foot of vesuvius.

4 what did the captain urge the author’s uncle to do?

he urged the author’s uncle to turn back.

5 why did the author’s uncle ask to be taken to the baths?

because he wanted to help the other to calm down.

6 when was the author’s uncle’s body found?

when daylight came again two days after he died.

is described in the following passage?

the eruption of the volcano called mount vesuvius.

and where did it happen?

on the 24th of august in 79 ad in southern italy.

is the writer of the letter?

pliny, the younger.( the author of the letter is pliny’s nephew.)

read the text carefully & fill in the following form.

date: on the 24th of august in 79 ad in southern italy.

what happened: the eruption of the volcano called mount vesuvius.

first a cloud of unusual size & shape rising from a mountain drew my uncle’s attention and he wanted to see it from closer at hand.

next after receiving a letter from his friend’s wife rectina, he changed his mind to save her.

then in spite of the danger, he turned back to rescue his friend pompy and help calm down the other people

finally my uncle wanted to get out of the danger but failed. he was dead.

arrange the following statements according to the right order.

decided to rescue his friend pompy.

people watched an unusual cloud rising from a mountain.

a begged him to save her.

ordered a boat made ready.

slaves helped him stand up and immediately he fell down dead.

bathed and had dinner.

7.a rain of rocks was coming down.

2 4 3 1 6 7 5

read the text again and explain what the words in bold refer to.

it: a cloud of unusual size and shape rising from a mountain

the one: the wind

the other: my uncle’s friend pompy

their: flames

they: scared people

the eruption of mount vesuvius

time what happened

on the 24th of aug. in 79ad, between 2 & 3p.m. a cloud rose from the mountain

afterwards some of the cloud was white and dark

after dinner broad sheets of flame were lighting up many parts of vesuvius

the next day shower of rock, darkness

this passage mainly tells us________. c

a to tell sth about volcano happening in 79ad

b to tell sth about the death of uncle pliny

c to help tacitus to recall what happened to uncle pliny

d to be in memory of uncle pliny

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇二

unit 11 scientific achievements

i．单元教学目标

技能目标goals

▲ talk about science and scientific achievement

▲ practise expressing intentions and wishes

▲ learn about word formation (1)

▲ write a persuasion essay

ii．目标语言

功

能

句

式 1．talk about science and scientists

2. practise expressing intentions and wishes

if i got the money, i would……

my plan is to…….

i hope that…….

i want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

i’d like to……

i’m thinking of……

词汇 1. 四会词汇

engineering, solar, significant, mankind, constitution, likely, zone, private, grasp, master, perfect , arrange, rely, failure, locate, valley, brand, luggage, achieve, organ, boom, breakthrough, agency, announce, evolution, supercomputer

2. 认读词汇

neil armstrong, alexander g bell, eureka, economic, hi-tech, technological, overseas, it, lenovo, founder, silicon, nokia, motorola, rejuvenate, impressive, genome, element, byte, humanoid

3. 词组

set foot (in), rely on, put forward,

4．重点词汇

significant, likely, private, grasp, master, perfect , arrange, rely, failure, locate, achieve,

breakthrough, announce

结构 word formation

重

点

句

子 1．whatever great achievements the future may have in store for china, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern beijing.

2. not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money.

iii．教材分析与教材重组

1. 教材分析

通过学习了解人类的科学成就，帮助学生认识到这些成就深刻地改变了人类生产和生活的方式及质量，同时也深刻地改变了人类的思维观念和对世界的认识，改变并继续改变着世界的面貌，极大地推动了社会的发展。激发学生学科学，爱科学，把科学知识转化成科技成果，报效祖国, 为祖国的繁荣富强贡献自己的力量。

1.1 warming up 通过讨论一些科学成就，帮助学生认识到这些成就怎样改变了我们生存的世界，对我们又将有什么样的影响以及所有科学成就的共同之处是什么。

1.2 listening是一些科学发明的具体事例。

1.3 speaking是一个任务型教学活动。提供了4种科研项目，让4位同学做为代表发言，通过介绍和辩论，说明自己的项目最重要，从而学会表达自己的意图和希望。

1.4 pre-reading是开放性问题，要求学生开动脑筋，勤于思考，小组讨论找出问题答案。

1.5 reading是关于中关村科技园的介绍。通过学习了解中关村的发展，激发学生的民族自豪感。教育学生要以振兴民族产业为己任，为改变中国这个拥有13亿人口的大国的科技面貌产业，为由“中国制造”向“中国创造”迈进而努力学习。

1.6 post-reading第一个题是5个选择题，目的是训练学生的事实核对能力；第二题是开放性问题比较中关村-中国的硅谷和美国硅谷的异同，此题可以很好的培养学生自主学习的习惯，还可以训练学生的概括能力，训练学生开放性思维，要求学生学会多角度的去思考问题，更能开阔学生的思路，丰富学生的视野。

1.7 language study 分词汇和语法两部分。其中，word study 是一个英语释义练习，旨在培养学生的英语思维能力，有助于养成英语思维的习惯。grammar构词法知识介绍。本单元的语法训练设计是从易到难，呈阶梯状，由构词法知识介绍到篇章中的猜词义连习，设计得非常科学，可操作性强。

1.8 integrating skills中的reading介绍了近十几年来中国在不同领域取得的一些重大成就。writing部分要求学生给《现代科学》（modern science）杂志写一篇关于最伟大科学成就的文章，说明原因并且解释为什么你认为它是最伟大的。

1.9 tips 介绍了怎样写persuasion essay。

2. 教材重组

2.1将grammar与workbook中的语法练习题整合在一起上一节“语法课”。

2.2把warming up 作为speaking的热身练习，将warming up与speaking整合在一起，通过谈论科学成就，讨论最重要的科学成就，练习表达自己的观点和愿望，上一节“口语课”。

2.3将listening 和 workbook 的listening 结合在一起，上一节“听力课”。

2.4把pre-reading, reading 和post-reading 放在一起上一节阅读课。

2.5 将integrating skills 设计为一节“综合实践课（一）”。

2.6将workbook 的integrating skills设计为一节“综合实践课（二）”。

3. 课型设计与课时分配（经教材分析，本单元可以用6课时教完）

1st period grammar

2nd period warming up, speaking

3rd period listening

4th period reading

5th period integrating skills (1)

6th period integrating skills (2)

iv. 分课时教案

the first period grammar

teaching goals 教学目标

1. target language目标语言:

learn the grammar--- word formation (i)

2. ability goals能力目标: study the ways of forming a word and enlarge students’ vocabulary.

3. learning ability goals学能目标：enable students to use context clues and what they know about word parts to guess the meaning of new words.

teaching important points教学重点

the ways of forming a word.

teaching difficult points 教学难点

how to guess the meaning of a new word.

teaching methods教学方法

explaining and practising

teaching aids教具准备

1. a projector 2. a computer

teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

step i lead in

t: good morning afternoon, class!

ss: good morning afternoon,mr/ms…

t: in this class, we are going to start unit 11 scientific achievements .now pay attention to the two words. will you please tell me how the two words are formed?

s1“scientific”is the adjective form of” science”.

s2:“achievement “ is the noun form of “achieve”.

t: observe them carefully; can you explain how they are formed?

s3:” science” is a noun, if we add –fic to it, then we get its adjective.

s4: “achieve” is a verb. if we add –ment to it, we get its noun.

t: excellent ! that is how the two words are formed. the basic part of any word is the root; to it, you can add a prefix at the beginning and/or a suffix at the end to change the meaning. for example, in the word “unflattering,” the root is simply “flatter,” while the prefix “un-” makes the word negative, and the suffix “-ing” changes it from a verb into an adjective (specifically, a participle).this is the grammar we are going to learn in this class.(show word formation on the powerpoint.)

step ii grammar

ask students to observe the given words carefully and find out how words are formed.

t: how do learners improve their vocabulary? there are no super shortcuts to vocabulary, but there are various forms of support. here is one example. increasing your vocabulary is so important that you just cant forget about it. dont bury your head in the sand. ok.. please look at the following words and tell how they are formed. (show the following words on the powerpoint.)

affix

infix

prefix

suffix

teacher explains the following.

t: what do these words (nouns) have in common?

ss: all of them contain the root “fix”.

t: well, they do have a number of things in common. lets settle for the most obvious, the fix at the end. so if we split them, this is what we get

af + fix

in + fix

pre + fix

suf + fix (these will be shown on the powerpoint)

t: what does fix mean?

ss: fix means attach to, fasten, stick, glue.

t: what about af , in , pre , suf ? in and pre are understandable, arent they ?

in a room, in a sentence, in a word.

pre means before like in pre-war, pre-school, premature.

so what do infix and prefix actually mean? infix - to attach something inside (a word).prefix - to attach something at the beginning of (a word)

what about af and suf?

thats a bit more difficult to explain. af is actually from the beginning the latin word ad, and the meaning is the same as the english word add. add 4 and 5 and you get 9.

suf is the latin word sub, like in submarine, subway, suburb. the meaning is under, after (outside).

why have the d in ad and the b in sub changed into f?

the reason is really quite simple. adfix and subfix are difficult to pronounce. there is economy in everything! you simply leave out the d and the b, but in order to mark their existence the words are spelt with an extra f .

so what do affix and suffix actually mean?

ss: affix - to attach something to (a word)

suffix -to attach something at the end of (a word)

t: we have now fixed the fixes, havent we? affix - something you add (stick) to a word

there are three kinds of affixes:

added inside the word - infix

added at the beginning of the word - prefix

added at the end of the word – suffix

ss: whats this good for then?

t: well, there are thousands of words with prefixes and suffixes. the infixes are fewer and less useful to you.

the english vocabulary basically consists of words of latin and germanic origin. there are prefixes in both groups.

if you know the basic meaning of a prefix or a suffix you can often guess the meaning of an english word. there are a limited number of latin prefixes and suffixes. if you learn the meaning of them, and learn to recognize them in english words, you will increase your vocabulary much faster.

here are some of the most common latin prefixes (for the meanings of the latin roots, look up the words in a good dictionary): (show the following on the powerpoint.)

(away) abstain, absent, absolve

(to) adverb, advertisement, advance, adjoin

in /il-/im-/ir-

(not) incapable, indecisive, intolerable , illegal, impossible, irrugular

inter

(between, among) international, interaction interdependent, interprovincial

pre

(before) prerecorded, preface prefer

post

(after) postpone, postscript, postwar

sub

(under, not quite) subsoil, subscription, suspect ,subway, subnormal

trans

(across, to a changed state) transfer, transit, translate, transport ,transform

step iii practice

t: are you ready for some exercises? open your books and look at page6. let’s do the exercises. let’s do exercise 1 first .how are these words formed? (or show the following words on the powerpoint).

international= inter-+national telephone= tele-+phone

mankind=man+kind broadband= broad+band

extremely=extreme+-ly manned= man+ -ed

hi-tech= high+technology email= electronic mail

it= information technology csa= chinese space agency

s1:i think international and telephone are formed in the same way. we add prefix inter- to national and tele- to phone.

t: good! what about the others?

s2: mankind and broadband are formed in the same way. each is made up of two words.

s3:extremely and manned are formed by adding a suffix.

s4:hi-tech is the shortened form of high technology and e-mail is the shortened form of electronic mail.

s5: it stands for information technology. we use the first letters of the two words to form a new one .we use the first letters of chinese space agency to form the word csa.

t；well done .so we know that words are formed in these ways. when you come across a new word, you can easily guess the meaning. ok ,let’s come to exercise2.

deal with the rest of exercises in the same way.

step iv workbook

step v word formation exercises

(if there isn’t enough time, please print it out and give the handouts to students as homework)

t: i’m very glad you’ve done the exercises quite well. would you like to try some difficult ones?

now look at the following exercises. you are given 8 minutes. then we will check the answers together. if you have any difficulty, you may work with your partner or refer to a dictionary.

( show the following exercises on the powerpoint.)

use the word at the end of each gap to form a new word with which to fill the gap. while doing this exercise, look for clues which tell you what kind of word is missing (adjective, noun, verb, adverb). make sure to take into consideration forms using various prefixes and suffixes, as well as negative forms.

exercise # 1

this text was taken from “the picture of dorian gray ” by oscar wilde

in the centre of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the full-length portrait of a young man of _____(ordinary) personal beauty, and in front of it, some little _____(distant) away, was sitting the artist himself, basil hallward, whose sudden _____(appear) some years ago caused, at the time, such public ______ (excite), and gave rise to so many strange conjectures. as the painter looked at the ______ (grace) and comely form he had so _______

(skill) mirrored in his art, a smile of ______ (please) passed across his face, and seemed about to linger there. but he ______(sudden) started up, and, closing his eyes, placed his fingers upon the lids, as though he sought to _______(prison) within his brain some curious dream from which he feared he might ______(wake).

exercise # 2

this text was taken from “the time machine”, by h(erbert) g(eorge) wells

`it is simply this. that space, as our ______(maths) have it, is spoken of as having three dimensions, which one may call ______(long), breadth, and _______(thick), and is always definable by _______(refer) to three planes, each at right angles to the others. but some philosophical people have been asking why three dimensions _______ (particular) --why not another direction at right angles to the other three?--and have even tried to construct a four-dimension geometry. professor simon newcomb was expounding this to the new york mathematical society only a month or so ago. you know how on a flat surface, which has only two dimensions, we can represent a figure of a three-______ (dimension) solid, and ______(similar) they think that by models of thee dimensions they could represent one of four--if they could master the _______(perceive) of the thing. see?

keys to exercise # 1

extraordinary, distance, disappearance, excitement, gracious, skillfully, pleasure, suddenly, imprison, awake

keys to exercise # 2

mathematicians, length, thickness, reference, particularly, dimension, similarly, perspective

eight minutes later check the answers.

show the answers on the powerpoint so that students can have a better understanding of word formation.

t: after doing theses exercises i’m sure you have a better understanding on word formation. i hope this will help you to improve your vocabulary. when you come across a new word, try to guess its meaning in this way. good luck to you! today’s homework finish all of the vocabulary and grammar exercises on the workbook that’s all for today.

step vi homework: finish all of the vocabulary and grammar exercises on the workbook. learn vocabulary on scientific achievements.

the second period warming up & speaking

teaching goals 教学目标

1. target language目标语言：

a. 重点词汇和短语

solar energy, breakthrough, organ

b. 交际用语

practise expressing intentions and wishes.

if i got the money, i would……

my plan is to…….

i hope that…….

i want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

i’d like to……

i’m thinking of……

2. ability goals能力目标: enable students to talk about scientific achievements. help them learn to express intentions and wishes.

3. learning ability goals学能目标：talk about great scientific achievements that have changed the world. practise expressing intentions and wishes by talking about which scientific project is the most important .

teaching important points教学重点

talk about great scientific achievements. learn the patterns used to express intentions and wishes.

teaching difficult points 教学难点

how to express intentions and wishes.

teaching methods 教学方法

group work discussing (cooperative learning)

teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

step i revision

check the homework. check the answers on the workbook with the whole class.

ask some students to name some great achievements.

step ii warming up

show the photos of some great scientific achievements that have changed the world on the powerpoint. spanide students into groups and ask them to discuss which one is the most important and what these achievements have in common. (the exercises in warming up on page 1).students may have different opinions. the most important thing is to encourage them to think and express their opinions.

t: please look at these great achievements and work in groups and discuss the following questions. you may have different answers. but you will have to tell us your reasons. (show the following questions on the powerpoint.)

1. among the great scientific achievements that have changed the world, which one do you think is the most important? why?

2. what are some other scientific achievements that you think are important?

3. do these achievements have anything in common? if so, what?

five minutes later ask some students to speak out their opinion.

t: ok. please stop here. i’d like to listen to your opinions.

s1: i think electricity is the most important. the modern world cannot work without electricity. electricity has changed our way of life. this summer in some areas there wasn’t enough electric power, so some factories had to close and people had lot of problems in life.

s2: in my opinion the most important is radio and television. radio and television have changed the way we look at the world.

s3: that’s true. but i still think the most important is solar energy. because by using solar energy, we can save other energy resources. and what’s more we can protect our environment.

……

t: good! do these achievements have anything in common?

ss: these great achievements have changed the world.

s8: and all these great achievements were made by westerners/ foreigners.

t: that’s true. my dear students please think thousands of years ago our ancestors made 4 great inventions that changed the world. we are proud of them. but among the recent 75 greatest achievements, none was achieved by us chinese .so i hope you study hard and make great scientific achievements. i will be very proud of you. every chinese will be proud of you.

step iii speaking

t: ok. suppose we are in the year of . you are scientists. you are working on different projects. all of you need money and want to get money to complete your project. you will introduce your project and explain why it is the most important. one member will listen to all the scientists and ask questions .at the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why .now turn your books to page 2, look at the speaking part and work in groups of five .please don’t forget the useful expressions. you are given five minutes to do it. then i will ask some groups to act it out.

show the useful expressions on the powerpoint.

if i got the money, i would……

my plan is to…….

i hope that…….

i want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

i’d like to……

i’m thinking of……

five minutes later, some students are asked to act it out

sample of the speaking:

official: i know all of you have your own reasons. now i’d like each of you to state your reasons and answer my questions truthfully so that i can decide who will get the money.

dr wilson: ok. i’ll speak first. our team is working on a cure for aids. as everyone knows, this is an issue for everyone. aids as a disease is not affecting only minority groups - gay men, drug users and prostitutes. the latest figures from the world health authority and unaids show that hiv infection is now the fastest-growing serious health condition in many countries around the globe, where women are particularly at risk of becoming hiv-positive. its clearly no longer the minority disease it once was. i hope to find a cure as soon as possible. so our research is extremely important.

official: we’ve spent a lot of money on many programs which help people fight aids in poor countries.

dr wilson: that’s true. but our research is to find a cure for this deadly disease. if we got the money, we would do more experiments and find a solution sooner. then we would save thousands of lives.

official: ok. let’s listen to what dr jones will say.

dr jones: our research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure disease. the main reason to clone plants or animals is to mass produce organisms with desired qualities. other reasons for cloning include replacing lost family pets and repopulating endangered or even extinct species. and we are thinking of using the new technology to cure diseases.

official: could you give us an example?

dr jones: the number of pandas is becoming smaller and smaller. even though the chinese government has been trying hard to provide pandas a suitable environment, the number remains samll. if we find a way to clone pandas, they won’t die out. we can help to keep the balance of the world. so i think our group should get the money.

official: ok. i think it’s dr smith’s turn.

dr smith: without water, man cannot live. water is very important to us. but many areas are short of water. in some places, people cannot have enough drinking water. so i want to develop new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. this new technology would help us save the natural resource.

official: how are your experiments going?

dr smith: the experiments are going as expected, but at present we are short of money. i need your support.

official: let’s listen to dr winfrey’s explanation about his project.

dr winfrey: once the moon has been reached, mars seems the next obvious destination. we are working on sending a manned spaceship to mars. it would be very difficult for one country to carry out such a program. a mission to mars would require funding.

official: neil armstrongs “one giant step for mankind” defined a generation. the project is very interesting and i am not turning it down. i support it, and it should be further developed. the money goes to dr winfrey’s group. congratulations!

dr winfrey: thanks. you will be proud of us.

t: well done. many of you can express intensions and wishes very well. after class please practice these useful expressions more often.

step iv workbook

step v homework

surf on the internet or use the library to find some information of neil armstrong, alexander g bell, ray tomlinson and more about scientific achievements in groups.

the third period listening

teaching goals 教学目标

1. target language目标语言：

constitution, neil armstrong, alexander g bell, ray tomlinson, eureka

goals 能力目标:

introduce some great scientists and their achievements to students by doing some listening exercises.

3. learning ability goals学能目标：

by listening to the introduction of some scientists and their achievements help students learn more about scientific achievements. improve their listening ability by doing listening exercises.

teaching important points教学重点

listen to materials about some great scientists and their achievements.

teaching difficult points教学难点

how to improve their listening ability

teaching methods教学方法

listening, speaking, discussing

teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

step i revision

check the homework.

ask some students to express their intensions and wishes using the patterns learned in this unit.

ask students to say more about scientific achievements.

step ii: leading in

after students talk about some great scientific achievements, show the pictures of neil armstrong, alexander g bell, ray tomlinson. ask students to say something about the three great men.

t:do you know anything about neil armstrong？

s1: he is the first man to land on the moon.

t: good! what about alexander g bell?

s2: he was the inventor of telephone.

s3: ray tomlinson invented e-mail.

t: quite good! now let’s listen to some materials about them and then finish the exercises on page 2.

step iii: listening

part 1

play the tape for students to listen and give students several minutes to finish the exercises. if students have any difficulty in listening, explain the difficult points and play the tape again where necessary. then check the answers with the whole class.

t: well done! i would like to learn more about neil armstrong, alexander g bell, ray tomlinson. .which group will introduce neil armstrong to us?

s1: our group has found something about neil armstrong.

t: good. please introduce something to us. let’s read together. (ask students to show the following on the powerpoint or print them out)

in 1969, neil armstrong made history by becoming the first man to walk on the moon, uttering the immortal phrase, “one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”

name: neil a. armstrong

nasa astronaut (former)

personal data: born august 5, 1930 in wapakoneta, ohio. married. two sons.

education: bachelor of science degree in aeronautical engineering from purdue university; master of science degree in aerospace engineering from university of southern california. he holds honorary doctorates from a number of universities.

special honors: he is the recipient of many special honors, including the presidential medal for freedom in 1969; the robert h. goddard memorial trophy in 1970; the robert j. collier trophy in 1969; and the congressional space medal of honor, 1978.

experience: from 1949 to 1952, he served as a naval aviator; he flew 78 combat missions during the korean war. during 1971-1979, armstrong was professor of aerospace engineering at the university of cincinnati, where he was involved in both teaching and research. currently serves as chairman, ail systems, inc. deer park, n.y.

nasa experience: armstrong joined naca, (national advisory committee for aeronautics), nasas predecessor, as a research pilot at the lewis laboratory in cleveland and later transferred to the naca high speed flight station at edwards afb, california. he was a project pilot on many pioneering high speed aircraft, including the 4,000 mph x-15. he has flown over 200 different models of aircraft, including jets, rockets, helicopters and gliders.

in 1962, armstrong was transferred to astronaut status. he served as command pilot for the gemini 8 mission, launched march 16, 1966, and performed the first successful docking of two vehicles in space.

in 1969, armstrong was commander of apollo 11, the first manned lunar landing mission, and gained the distinction of being the first man to land a craft on the moon and the first man to step on its surface.

armstrong subsequently held the position of deputy association administrator for aeronautics, nasa headquarters office of advanced research and technology, from 1970 to 1971. he resigned from nasa in 1971.

as a young man, alexander graham bell taught deaf students in schools and universities and tutored them privately to help them communicate. he was trained in this work by his parents.

in 1862, bell enrolled as a “student teacher” at a boys school near edinburgh, scotland. there he taught music and elocution in exchange for instruction in other subjects. later, he became a full-time teacher, using visible speech in teaching a class of deaf children. in april, 1871, bell went to massachusetts, where he met with great success.

as a teacher of the deaf, bell was determined to help deaf people speak, so that they could take part in the speaking world, rather than be isolated and alone. to do this, he tried to find a way to make sound visible. bell got his idea for making sound visible from his knowledge of how the ear hears.

ray tomlinson inventor of email

email has become one of the most commonly used forms of communication, yet its invention passed with little note. unlike some other communications breakthroughs, like the telegram or phone, nobody thought that email would grow as big as it has. even the inventor of email, ray tomlinson, didnt know he was creating something important. but despite its humble beginnings, email has become an important part of our world. whether it is used by a business for important messages, or by a disabled person simply to communicate, email is definitely here to stay.

after learning something more about the great people, go on dealing with the rest of listening exercises.

part 2

part 3

students are encouraged to think creatively and give different answers.

step iv: workbook

deal with the listening exercises on workbook.

homework: remember the three great men and their achievements.

learn words and expressions in the text.

the fourth period reading

teaching goals 教学目标

1. target language目标语言：

a. 重点词汇和短语

likely zone, private, grasp, master, perfect, arrange, rely, failure, locate, valley, set foot in, rely on

b. 重点句型

1．whatever great achievements the future may have in store for china, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern beijing.

2. not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money.

goals 能力目标: learn about the development of zhongguancun and great achievements china has made in recent years. encourage students to become interested in hi-tech.

3. learning ability goals学能目标：students are spanided into different groups. each group will be assigned different tasks. they are asked to collect zhongguancun’s information from different resources outside of class. each group member should be involved. through these activities students should learn to be involved, co-operate and solve problems.

teaching important points教学重点the development of zhongguancun and great achievements china has made in recent years.

teaching difficult points教学难点

how to analyze the text and grasp the main idea of the text.

teaching methods教学方法

listening, reading, discussing

teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

step i revision

check the homework..

go over the three great names neil armstrong, alexander g bell, ray tomlinson and how they changed the world.

ask some students to read words and expressions in unit 11.

step ii pre-reading

deal with the questions in the pre-reading part.

t: good! in this class we are going to learn about the development of zhongguancun first i’d like to make a survey. if you wanted to do research or start a hi-tech company, what kind of support and environment would you need?

s1: i think i will need support from academies of science.

s2：i think i will need support from the government, i.e. special policy to support my company.

s3: in my opinion, competition will help companies develop very fast. so i will set up my company in a science and technology center.

s4:……

……

t: good! why are scientific achievements important? how do they improve our life? how do they improve society?

s8: scientific achievements can improve our life and change the world. for example before areoplanes and cars were invented, it took years to travel around the world. now it is very convenient for people to travel.

s9: scientific achievements make our life colorful. scientific achievements make life more comfortable.

s10: scientific achievements change our way of life. we are living a life quite different from our ancestors’.

s11: scientific achievements also change our way of thinking.

…….

t: so scientific achievements are very important. then you will good answers to this question:

why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

s15: because they like to do something valuable.

s16: then they turn their wishes into reality.

s17: they are doing something to strengthen the social development.

t: they are very great. i hope you study hard and in future you will make some scientific achievements to benefit the world.

step iii leading in

help students to learn something about the symbol of zhongguancun..

t: now look at the picture. ( show the picture of the statue in zhongguancun on the powerpiont.) do you know where it is? it is a statue of a dna molecule. it is the symbol of the zhongguancun scientific and technological garden. in this class we are going to learn something about zhongguancun.

step iv reading

deal with the reading part.

scanning

ask the students to scan the text and find the information aboutzhongguancun. then fill the information in the form. it is not necessary to write in whole sentences. key words will do. students will finish the task independently and then they will compare their notes with their group members.

t: first i’d like you to do the scanning and then finish the form with the information you get from the text. you don’t need to write in sentences. key words are ok. after you finish, please compare your notes with the other group members.

show the form on the powerpoint.

zhongguancun is located in northwestern beijing

what is it? china’s silicon valley

in the early 1980s chen chunxian opened a private research and development institute

set up as a special economic zone

zhongguancun is home to a growing number of overseas chinese;

a number of science parks;

many it companies

the number of it companies in zhongguancun more that 8,000 hi-tech companies

its effect on business& science

several minutes later, students compare their information with each other in groups. then show the following form on the powerpoint.

zhongguancun is located in beijing’s haidian distric northwestern beijing

what is it? new center for chinese science and technology china’s silicon valley

the science center got started in the early 1980s chen chunxian opened a private research and development institute

set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s leader of china’s hi-tech industry

zhongguancun is home to some famous research institutes and universities a growing number of overseas chinese；a number of science parks;

many it companies

the number of it companies in zhongguancun more than 4,000 it companies more that 8,000 hi-tech companies

its effect positive on business & science

t: from this form we can have a clear image of zhongguancun. let’s come to the post reading questions.

skimming

ask students to skim the text and then finish the post-reading questions.

t: look at the post reading questions first. then skim the text to find the answers.

then check the answers with the whole class.

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇三

作者：武汉市第一中学陈金凤浙江省富阳市新登中学胡君祥

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稿费寄到浙江省富阳市新登中学

《高二上册考点透视》

红色部分供调换

1. a better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act. (page 68)

[考点] a＋形容词比较及＋名词

[归纳] “形容词比较及＋名词”前的冠词既有用定冠词也有用不定冠词，表示两者当中的较怎么样的一个用定冠词，用于否定句中表最高级的含义时用不定冠词。

[高考链接]

1). your story is perfect; i’ve never heard before. (06 全国卷ii)

a. the better one b. the best one

c. a better one d. a good one

2). of the two sisters, betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (06 安徽)

a. a younger b. a youngest

c. the younger d. the youngest

3). i dont think this film is by far the most horing. i have seen_______.

(06 江西)

a. a better b. a worse c. the best d. the worst

人教版高二（上）册所涉及到的语法点、单词、短语、句型结构很多，下面就人教版高二（上）的重点语法点、单词、短语、句型结构结合近几年高考试题做如下透视。

1. yet two years had gone by and i was not that much worse. (page 3)

[考点] go的常用短语

[归纳] go on意为“继续”；go by意为“消失；经过”； go away意为“离开”；go over意为“复习”； go out意为“出去”；go through意为“经历；仔细检查”。

[高考链接]

--- didnt you have a good time at the party?

--- of course i did. as a matter of fact, i had such fun that time seemed to ______ so quickly. (07安徽)

a. go by b. go away c. go out d. go over

2. scientists, on the other hand, hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong. (page 4)

[考点] turn的常用短语

[归纳] turn on意为“打开”；turn out意为“证明是；结果是”； turn off意为“关闭”；turn over意为“翻转”； turn down意为“调低；拒绝”；turn up意为“调高；出现；到场”；turn to意为“向...求助”。

[高考链接]

1). the dictionary is being printed and it will soon ________. (05 福建)

a. turn out b. come out c. start out d. go out

2). she’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom _______. (07 重庆)

a. turn to b. look for c. deal with d. talk about

3. it is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. (page 7)

[考点] make＋名词

[归纳]近几年高考对熟词生义的考查较多，复习时要加强这一方面的知识扩展，例如make后接表示某一类人的名词时意为“发展成为…”。

[高考链接]

someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _____ a good researcher. (06 山东)

a. make b. turn c. get d. grow

4. newspaper and other media do more than simply record what happens. (page 11)

[考点] more than用法

[归纳] more than后常接名词、动词、句子。

[高考链接]

---do you need any help, lucy?

---yes. the job is _______ i could do myself. (07 福建)

a. less than b. more than c. no more than d. not more than

5. and i like the way the fans look up to them. (page 14)

[考点] look的常用短语

[归纳] look out意为“向外看；当心”； look up意为“向上看；查阅；

尊重”； look down意为“向下看；轻视”；look for意为“寻找”；look into意为“调查”；look on意为“认为；看待”；look through意为“浏览”。

[高考链接]

1). “goodbye, then,” she said, without even _______ from her book. (07 全国卷1)

a. looking down b. looking up

c. looking away d. looking on

2). i have ______ all my papers but i still can’t find my notes. (07 全国卷ii)

a. looked through b. looked for

c. looked after d. looked out

6. often, these buildings are pulled down after having stood empty without use for many years. (page 23)

[考点] stand词意拓展

[归纳] stand作动词可意为“站, 立, 站起, (使)竖立, (使)位于, 维持不变, 持久, 经受”，多用于否定句、疑问句，不用于进行时，可后接动名词。

[高考链接] i can’t stand with jane in the same office. she just refuses ______ talking while she works. (06 北京)

a. working; stopping b. to work; stopping

c. working; to stop d. to work; to stop

7. they are decorated with small round windows that remind you of ships,

bent roofs and twenty foot high walls of glass that make them special when compared with other architecture from the same period. (page 23)

[考点] remind的常用短语

[归纳] remind构成的短语有：remind sb. of sth., be reminded to do。

[高考链接] in our childhood, we were often _______ by grandma to pay attention to our table manners. (05 江苏)

a. demanded b. reminded c. allowed d. hoped

[考点] compare的常用句式

[归纳] compare的常用句式有：1. (when) compared with… 2. (when)

compared to… 3. (when)comparing sb.(sth.)。

[高考链接] when ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only

to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (06 浙江)

a. compared b. being compared

c. comparing d. having compared

8. seen from the top, it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches. ( page20)

[考点] 过去分词作状语

[归纳] 过去分词作状语要满足的条件是：1. 为及物动词的，分词的动作与句子的主语构成被动关系；为非及物动词的，分词的动作已完成 2. 分词的动作与句子谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生。

[高考链接] ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (07 浙江)

a. driven b. being driven c. to drive d. having driven

8. wales had already been conquered by england in 1283, but it was not until 250 years later that they formed a single state. (page 36)

[考点] not until 的强调句型

[归纳] not until 的强调句型结构为：it was not until…that…。注意强调句型里不用倒装。

[高考链接]

1). it was not until she got home jennifer realized she had lost her keys.（06全国卷ii）

a. when b. that c. where d. before

2). it _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ i found we had a lot in common. (07 浙江)

a. was until; when b. was until; that

c. wasn’t until; when d. wasn’t until; that

9. there could be as many as six hundred sheep fed within six miles of salisbury, measuring every way round and the town in the centre. (page 39)

[考点] 过去分词短语作后置定语

[归纳] 过去分词短语作后置定语时分词动词与它修饰的名词构成被动关系。

[高考链接] the town hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. (07 上海)

a. to be completed b. having been completed

c. completed d. being completed

10. the schools of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today. ( page 46)

[考点] what引导名词性从句的特殊含义

[归纳] what引导名词性从句可表示很多含义：1. “... 的人”，相当于the person that；2. “... 的地方”，相当于the place that； 3. “… 的时间”，相当于the time that；4. “… 的事情”，相当于the thing that。

[高考链接] _______ matters most in learning english is enough practice.

(07 全国卷ii)

a. what b. why c. where d. which

11. people in the future will be able to enjoy a longer and healthier life and remain active even in old age. (page44)

[考点] remain用法

[归纳] remain高考主要考查其作联系动词与实意动词的用法。作联系动词，意为“仍然、保持”，无被动语态，可后接不顶式、形容词、分词等。作实意动词，意为“留下、剩下、呆”。

[高考链接]

1). it remains ________ whether jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals. (06 浙江)

a. seen b. to be seen c. seeing d. to see

2). it was already past midnight and only three young men in the tea house. (06 安徽)

a. left b. remained c. delayed d. deserted

3). please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop. (07 山东)

a. to seal b. to be seated c. seating d. seated

12. aids is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illness. (page 51)

[考点] break的常用短语

[归纳] break down意为“使崩溃；毁坏”； break off意为“绝交”； break

in意为“强行进入，非法进入”；break out意为“猛地爆发”；break into意为“破门而入；突然开始”； break up意为“把…分裂成碎片；分解”；break through意为“突破，穿过”。

[高考链接] the computer system suddenly while he was

searching for information on the internet. (06 辽宁)

a. broke down b. broke out c. broke up d. broke in

13. they helped me find the strength i needed to recover and they kept me from feeling sad and lonely. (page 55)

[考点] strength的用法

[归纳] strength意为“力量、力气、强度、优点、强项”。

[高考链接] to make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses. (06 湖北)

a. strengths b. benefits c. techniques d. values

14. we should never try to revive a person unless we know how to do. (page 60)

[考点] unless引导状语从句

[归纳] unless引导状语从句为表否定的条件状语从句。

[高考链接]

1). you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is. (06 北京)

a. unless b. because c. although d. when

2). we don’t keep winning games _____ we keep playing well. (06 浙江)

a. because b. unless c. when d. while

15. since then, several earth summits have been held and much progress has been made. (page 67)

[考点] since then句式

[归纳] since then意为“从此”，表示从过去某时刻起一直到现在，要求句子使用现在完成时。注意比较：from then on也意为“从此”，但句子要使用一般过去时。

[高考链接] the book was written in 1946, the education system has witnessed great charges. (07 山东)

a. when b. during which

c. since then d. since when

16. if we are to develop the world successfully, we must make sure that everyone is able to take part in the new world we create. (page 68)

[考点] “be＋动词不定式”句式

[归纳] “be＋动词不定式”常用于：1.表命令 2.表将来时，指按约定、计划、职责、义务要去做的。

[高考链接] in a room above the store, where a party_______ , some workers were busily setting the table. (06 湖南)

a. was to be held b. has been held c. will be held d. is being held.

17. among the speakers was china’s then premier zhu rongji, who

stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. (page 68)

[考点] 全部倒装句

[归纳] 全部倒装句的情况有： 1.表地点的介词短语放句首； 2.表地点或方位的副词放句首。

[高考链接]

1). just in front of our house ______ with a history of 1,000 years. (06上海春季)

a. does a tall tree stand b. stands a tall tree

c. a tall tree is standing d. a tall tree stands only

2). at the foot of the mountain _______. (06 四川)

a. a village lie b. lies a village

c. does a village lie d. lying a village

18. and if poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars. (page68)

[考点] “there is …that…”句式

[归纳] “there is …that…” 句式常见的有there is a chance that…， there is no doubt that…， there is no possibility that…，there is no need等，注意比较：it is no wonder that。

[高考链接] he hasn’t slept at all for three days. _______ that he is tired out. (05 湖北)

a. there is no point b. there is no need

c. it is no wonder d. there is no wonder

19. flames lighted up many parts of vesuvius; their light scared people but my uncle told them that the flames came from the home of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on. (page 76)

[考点] with＋宾语＋宾补

[归纳]“with＋宾语＋宾补”在句中可作状语和定语，作状语可表方式、伴随、原因等。宾补可以是分词、介词短语、副词等。

[高考链接]

1). i couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______.

(05北京)

a. going on b. goes on

c. went on d. to go on

2). john received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. (07 安徽)

a. finished b. finishing c. having finished d. was finished

20. you can pick out the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter, another to write history, one thing to write to a friend, another to write for the public. (page 76)

[考点] for作并列连词

[归纳] for作并列连词意为“因为、由于”，它所说的理由是一种补充说明，语气较弱，因此它引导的并列分句不可放在句首。

[高考链接]

1). he found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail. (06 北京)

a. and b. for c. but d. or

2). a man cannot smile like a child, __ a child smiles with his eyes, while a

man smiles with his lips alone. (06 湖南)

a. so b. but c. and d. for

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇四

teaching aims and demands

本单元通过学习马克吐温的《百万英镑》并改编成短剧形式的课文，学生能初步了解作者的风格。学生应能在教师的指导下，排演这个短剧。通过对话课的学习与操练，学生接触表示坚持个人意见的常用语句，并要求学生运用到实际会话中。学习并初步掌握as if和no matter引导让步状语从句的用法。

teaching important and difficult points

1．单词

run, choice, note, change, fool, order, pleasant, right, assistant, customer, foolish, insist, tailor depend, favo(u)r , apologize, excited

2．词组

shop assistant, a clothes shop, give back, or else, change…for …, in the sun, try on, depend on, take place, get off, put on, drop in, once upon a time, do up, in fact, keep back, play the part of, next to

3．交际用语

there seems to be something wrong with it.

i would like you to change this blouse.

you sold me a blouse that i can’t use any more.

i am afraid i can’t do that right now.

why can’t you do something about it?

is anything the matter?

4．语法

学习as if和no matter的用法。

教学建议

课文建议

在lesson 38课，建议教师应组织学生1）以节目的形式演出这段对话。2）教师可选取录像或多媒体形式完成此课的教学任务。3）教师把学生分成三人一组，适当准备一些道具排演本课的最后结局的短剧。4）教师要求学生找出能刻画服装店老板人物特征和心理变化的相关语句。如：there’s a customer, tod, will you serve him? / no matter what he is wearing , tod, just show him the cheapest./come, come. get him his change, tod..

对话分析

本单元对话是讲述在服装店调换衣服的经过，学生对其内容较易理解，但一些新单词的用法应掌握，如：customer, run, insist, change…for…。本课中也提供了给学生做相应对话的练习，如：a pair of trousers, a radio的口语练习。

教学重点难点

的用法

1)serve(sb.) as sth.表示“为（某人）工作，（尤指）当佣人”。

he served as a gardener and chauffeur.他做园艺工人兼司机。

2)serve还可表示“供职，服役”。

he has served his country well.他为国尽职。

3)serve sb. (with sth.). 表示“将（饭菜）端上桌。”

four waiters served lunch for us.有四位服务员招待我们吃午饭。

4)serve 还可用于“（在商店等处）接待（顾客）或为顾客取货物”的意思中。

are you being served?有售货员接待您吗？

he served some sweets to the children.他为孩子们拿来了他们想要的糖。

5)serve 还指“（一份饭）够……”。

this packet of soup serves two.这包汤料够两个人食用。

的用法

1)judge用作动词，表示作“断定，估计，认为”解。其后可带宾语从句，也可带不定式或形容词、名词等引导的宾补成分。

we judge that they have finished.我们估计他们已经干完了。

we judge them to have finished.我们估计他们已经干完了。

she judged him about fifty.她估计他在五十岁左右。

the committee judged it better to start the investigation at once.委员会认为最好立即开始此项调查。

from his letter, we judged his visit to china a great success.从他的来信判断他对中国的访问非常成功。

2)judge用作“判断，断定”解时，还可接wh-分句或wh-加不定式结构。

i can’t judge whether she was right or wrong.我不能断定她是对还是错。

3)judge还可表示“评判，评价”，可说judge sb. / sth.

don’t judge a man by his looks.勿以貌取人。

4)judging by / from…（从……来看，据……来判断）是惯用短语，可用来引导独立分句。

judging from his looks ,he may be sick.从外表看，他或许生病了。

judging by his accent, he must be from guangdong.听口音，他准是个广东人。

off的用法

1)get off意为“脱下”。

it’s rather hot today, we must get off the jacket.今天太热了，我们必须脱下夹克衫。

2)注意：get off还可作“下车”；“离开”；“出发”；“起飞”解。

as soon as i got off the bus, i started for the village on foot. 我一下公共汽车，就开始步行到村里去。

we must get off at once or we ii be late我们必须马上走，否则要迟到了。

we got off immediately after breakfast.我们一吃过早饭就出发了。

the plane got off on time. 飞机准时起飞。

4．favor的用法

1）in favor (of )表示“赞成、主张”，常用作表语或后置定语。

the students were in favor of reform. 学生赞成改革。

2）do sb. a favor或do a favor for sb. 是个正式的礼貌用语，意思是 “给某人以恩惠，帮某人的忙”。

would you do me a favor? 帮我一下好吗？

do me a favor by turning off the radio. 帮我把收音机关掉。

do me the favor to come. 务请光临。

注：do sb. a favor后接of doing 或不定式时，应将不定冠词a改为定冠词the。

5．put down的用法

1）意为“写下；记下”。

put down your name and your telephone number.写下你的名字和电话号码。

put this down in your notebook for future reference.这点记在你的笔记本上，以供今后参考。

2）可作“镇压；扑灭”。

the fire was finally put down by the firemen.大火最后终于被消防队员扑灭了。

if的用法

as if 是连词词组，作“好像”、“好似”解，引导表语从句，用于下列句型中：

it looks/seems as if ....表示“看起来似乎……”。其中it为无人称代词，本身并无词义。looks / seems是连系动词，as if引出表语从句。

it looks as if it is going to show. 看来，要下雪。

it seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure. 这套衣服看来似乎是按尺寸给他定做的。

除此之处，as if也可以引导方式状语从句，修饰主句的谓语，此时从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。关于这一点，暂可不必向学生交代。

the woman loves the children as if she were their mother.这个妇女爱这些孩子，她好像就是他们的妈妈一样。

7. no matter 的用法

no matter作“无论”、“不管”解，用以引导表示让步的状语从句，常用在下列句型中：句型中的no matter what (who/when etc.)...分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等，这个从句可以置主句之前，也可以置主句之后。

由no matter + what等引导的让步状语从句。no matter后面接关系代词或关系副词引导状语从句在句中作让步状语。

no matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。

no matter之后可用what以外的关系代词或关系副词。例如：

no matter who you are (=whoever you are), i’ll never let you in.无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。

no matter which…无论哪一个……

no matter which you choose(=whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。

no matter where…无论何处；不管在哪里……

no matter where i go (=wherever i go) , i will be thinking of you. 无论我到哪里，我都会想着你。

no matter when …无论何时，不管什么时候……

i’ll discuss it with you no matter when you like(=whenever like). 你什么时候高兴，我愿意同你讨论这件事。

no matter how..不管……如何；无论……多么……

no matter how hard you try(=however hard you try), you will never be successful. 不管你如何努力，你都不会成功的。

8．drop in, drop in on 与drop in at的区别

drop in 意为“顺便走访” he often drops in for tea. 他经常顺便来喝茶。

drop in on 后接人意为“顺便拜访某人”。

she dropped in on me yesterday.

drop in at后接表示地点的名词意为“顺便来（去）某处看看”。

tom usually drops in at my place on his way home. 答题时要注意drop in后所接的名词表示的意思。

jane used to ____ the tailor’s on her way home from work.

a. drop in b. drop in on c. drop in at d. drop at

詹妮以前常下班后去成衣店看看。the tailor’s 表示地点，故正确答案为c。

9．run的用法

1）表示“跑，奔跑，赛跑”。

the boy ran off as soon as we appeared.我们一来，孩子们都跑了。

she used to run when she was at college.在大学时她经常练跑步。

2）run还可表示“（火车、汽车、轮船等）往来行驶”

buses to oxford run every half hour.去牛津的公共汽车每半小时一班。

the trains don’t run on christmas day.圣诞节火车停驶。

3）run可用业表示“（液体）流动”。

could you run me a hot bath?你给我放盆热水洗澡好吗？

your nose is running.你又流鼻涕了。

4）run表示“（衣服上的染料或颜色）掉色，扩散”。

i’m afraid the color ran when i washed your new skirt.很遗憾，我洗你那条新裙子的时候它掉色了。

5）run可表示“融化”。

it was so hot that the butter ran.天太热，黄油开始化了。

the wax began to run. 蜡开始融化了。

6）run还可表示“负责、经营、管理”。

he has no idea of how to run the successful business.他不知道把企业办好的方法。

stop trying to run my life for me.我的生活用不着你来管。

10．come, come. get him his change. tod. ( =hurry up. tod, give the man his change.) 得了，得了，给他找钱吧，托德。

句中的come用作感叹语，表示“劝导”，“不耐烦”的情绪。come作感叹语用时，在不同的情况下，可以表示不同的感表，如“鼓励”、“惊异”、“命令”等。例如：

come, come, alice, you must be patient. 好了，爱丽丝，你得忍耐点。

本句中的change是不可数名词，作“零钱”，“找给的钱”解。又如：

here is your change. 这是找给你的零钱。

change还可以用作及物动词，作“零钱”，“换钱”解。

could you change a 10-yuon note, please? 你能换开10元钱吗？

教学设计方案lesson 37

teaching aims

1. practise in pairs talking about buying clothes in a shop.

2. study the language points in lesson 37.

teaching procedures

stepⅰrevision

1. check the homework exercises.

2. revise articles of clothing by asking questions. get as many as possible from the students and write them on the blackboard.

questions for the teacher to ask the students:

1) what words have you learned about clothes ?

trousers, coat, jacket, shirt, overcoat……

2) what color do you like best if you buy a blouse ?

a gray one, red one, blue one, black one, yellow one, white one ……

step ⅱ warming-up

look at the picture on p 55.

1. ask the students to say something about the picture. let the students know a new word: blouse.

answer: it’s a clothes shop. there are many clothes in the shop. two women are talking now. they are talking about the white blouse and the red blouse in the shop.

2. ask the students how different clothes are washed. make a table on the blackboard if you like

as follows:

hot wash white cotton

warm wash coloured cotton

cold wash silk , wool

step ⅲ listening and reading

let the students listen to the dialogue once or twice and then answer same questions.

1. what did the customer buy last week?

… she bought, a blouse last weds

2. whats wrong with the blouse?

… when doe washed the blouse, the color ran.

3. what did the customer ask the assistant to do?

…she asked the assistant to change the clothes or give the money back to her.

4. did the assistant give the money back to the customer ? why ?

…no, because the manager of the shop wasnt in. and the assistant couldnt decide whether to give it back to her or not.

step ⅳ practice

let students fill in the blanks of the dialogue.

sa: good afternoon. can i 1 you ?

c: yea, please. i 2 this radio the day before yesterday. but there is something 3 with it. last night it just couldnt. i 4 cant use it.

sa: let me 5 . it scans as if it hasnt been 6 properly. has it been left in the sun or__ 7_?

c: of 8 not. how can i be 9 foolish ?

sa: 10 its the 11 of the factory that made it. i think i will send back to the 12 and get it repaired.

c: you may 13 it back to the factory, but i would like my money 14 .

sa: i’m 15 i cant do that.

c: why cant you do 16 about it ? id like you to change this 17 or else 18 me my money back.

sa: all right. you can 19 it for another one. would you please 20 a look at these ones ?

answers:

1. help 2. bought 3. wrong 4. work 5. see 6. used 7. rain 8. course 9. that 10. maybe 11. fault 12. factory 13. send 14. back 15. afraid 16. something 17. radio18. give 19. change 20. have

fill in the blanks.

1．这台收音机有问题吗？

is there ______ _______ ________ the radio?

2．请把借我的书还我。

please give me _______ the book that you _______from me.

3．天看上去要下雪了。

it _______ as if it’s going to_______.

4．他坚持要明天去那儿。

he _______ that he _______ there tomorrow.

5．别让孩子站在太阳底下。

don’t _______ the child stand ________ the sun.

6．我想让汤姆的弟弟去做那项工作。

i would _______ tom’s brother ________ do the work.

answers

1. anything wrong with 2. back …borrowed 3. seems…snow 4. insists …go 5. have/ keep …in 6. like …to

stepⅴ language points

let students read the dialogue and ask them to pay attention to some key sentences and then the teacher gives some brief explanation.

1. there seem (s) to be…

2. like常见的句型是

like sb. to do sth./ like to do sth./ like doing sth.

3. i’m not that foolish =i am not so foolish.

looks as if + 句子 =it seems as if + 句子

5. insist + that - clause + ( should ) + v

step ⅵ further practise

good pairs of students to act out their dialogues in front of the class without their books if possible.

2. provide a few situations for the ss, let them practise the dialogues by spaniding the different groups.

1)you have just bought a pair of shoes from a shoe shop. but later you find that the shoes are not of the same size. so you go to the shop again. make a dialogue between the shop assistant and you.

2) you have just bought a tape-recorder. but it does not work as soon as you get home. so you go back to the shop and ask for a new one..

step ⅶ exercise

do exercises ex 1--3. on page 118.

a customer brought a blouse in a clothes shop last week. she found that the colours _____when she washed it. thinking that there must be ______wrong with it, she went back to the shop. the shop_____ asked her whether she did not follow the ______and washed it in hot water. the ______said she was not ______foolish. it seemed that it was the ______of the company that produced it .the customer _______that the shop should give her money back, but the shop assistant refused. finally the customer decided to change the blouse _______another one.

key:

ran, something, assistant, instructions, customer, that (so), insisted, fault, for

stepⅷ homework

exercises ex 2--3. on page 118.

the students to do the vocabulary preparation in lesson 38 .

教学设计方案lesson 38

teaching aims

1. learn lesson 38 to get brief idea of the story.

students are required to answer some questions.

step i revision

1）check the homework exercises.

2）oral practice.

1．你的手表有问题吗？ 2．我想让你去做这件事。

3．似乎看来这本书被他看完了。 4．我坚持让他把钱还我。

5．对不起，是我的错。 6．你为什么让他一直在田里工作。

answers:

1. 1s there anything wrong with your watch?

2. i’d like you to do the work.

3. it seems as if the book has been finished reading by him.

4. i insisted that he (should) give me my money back.

5. im sorry. its my fault.

6. why did you have him working in the fields?

stepⅱ warm---up

talk about mark twain.

1. what is mark twain?

mark twain is an american writer.

2. in our middle school text books. what articles were written by mark twain?

“run for a governor.” “a million pound note”

step ⅲ listening and talking

today we are going to learn a dialogue, which is a part from a million pound note. listen to the tape and then talk about the pictures on p. 56 & p. 57.

picture 1: a customer came into a tailors shop. the shop assistant looked at him up and down. from the clothes, the assistant thought he was a poor man.

picture 2: after the tailor knew the man had one million pound note, he was very surprised. the manager measured him by himself. they changed their attitude to the man completely.

step ⅳreading

read the dialogue quickly and try to answer the questions.

1. what did the customer want?

2. how did the customer tod?

3. what did the shop assistant show the customer?

4. how did the customer want to pay?

5. what made the manager fed excited?

6. what can we learn from the story?

keys:

customer wanted to buy a suit.

looked poor. and his clothes were old.

showed the customer the cheapest clothes

wanted to pay with a large note.

million pound note made the manager feel excited.

should never judge a person by his clothes.

step ⅴlanguage points

matter + wh ---引导让步状语从句

anything the matter? 怎么回事？the matter =wrong

3. do sth. a favour =do a favour for do 帮某人一个忙；答应某人的要求

in on + 人/ drop in at + 地点

step ⅵoral practise

spanide the ss into a few groups to practise a play according to the text.

step ⅶ exercise

do exercise 3 on page 119

a customer went into a tailors shop to buy a new ______. all he had in his pocket was a million - pound ______. his wearies (衣服) were so worn - wit that the shop assistant looked ______ upon him and ______ him the cheapest clothes. in his mind, that was the best ______ for such a poor man.

when the customer ______ him the million - pound note, the shop assistant felt very ______ and didnt know what to do. just then the manager went ______ to him and asked what was happening. seeing the note, he got so _______ that he asked the customer to do him a ______ to get those cheap clothes ______ and ______on much better ones. then he ______the gentleman and picked out nice _____for making a suit ______this mans own measure. the man said that he couldnt ______ the clothes unless they would wait or ______ the note. the manager promised to wait ______ his life. finally, he told the assistant to ______ down the mans address. the gentleman said it was not necessary because he would drop ______ and leave his new address ______ he found another hotel.

keys: suit; note; down; chose; choice; showed; surprised; up; exceed; favor, off; put; measured; material; to; order; change; all; put; in; when

step ⅷ homework

1. retell the story in your own words.

e the next text.

探究活动

教师根据对话内容，可让学生设计买其它东西的场景，for example: you have just bought a recorder. but it does not work as soon as you get home. so you go back to the shop and you didn’t want it. 教师让学生自己进行复述发生的经过同时教师给学生提供部分的语句和提示：1）buy a recorder last week 2) it didn’t work 3) either change it or get money back 4)persuade you to change it for another one.

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇五

i. brief statements based on the unit

in this unit, students will do some listening, speaking, reading and writing practice, besides, they will study the grammar item: the subjunctive mood. in the first period, the teacher should help ss improve their listening ability by listening to two dialogues and finishing the exercises in the listening part. also, ss will read a notice about safety at home. from the notice they will know what they should do and shouldnt do at home. then with the help of the given useful expressions below the notice, ss will make their own dialogues. in this period, ss will also talk about first aid according to the pictures in warming up. this may make ss be interested in the topic of this unit, so that in the second period, when ss read more about first aid, they will understand the text better. through the reading material in the second period, ss will not only improve their reading ability, but they will also learn some knowledge of first aid, which will be helpful in case of accidents in future. in the third period, ss will revise the useful words learnt in the first two periods and study the grammar item: the subjunctive mood. lots of practice is provided in this part for ss to master it better. in the fourth period, the teacher should help ss to improve their integrating skills by reading a passage about dealing with common injuries and writing a paragraph to explain what should be done in case of an accident. after this period, ss can learn much about first aid and also they learn to write a paragraph to tell others about first aid.

ng goals

1. talk about first aid and medicine.

2. practise talking about what you should and should not do.

3. learn to use the subjunctive mood (2).

4. write a process paragraph.

ⅲ. teaching time. five periods

iv. background information

1. first aid (i)

first aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. first aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway, and breathing. in minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victims condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. first aid must be administered as quickly as possible. in the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

first aid measures depend upon a victims needs and the providers level of knowledge and skill. knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis.

despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. the first step is to call for professional medical help. the victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured persons family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. first aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. one method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym abc．which stands for：

a-airway：is it open and unobstructed?

b-breathing：is the person breathing?

look．1isten．and feel for breathing．

c-circulation：is there a pulse? is the person bleeding externally? check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems．

once obvious injures have been evaluated, the injured person’s head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body．if no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position．positioned on one side a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway．

2．first aid(ⅱ)

first aid means what it says：the aid，or held that can be given to an injured person first，which is before any other help．nowadays，there is usually a telephone not faraway and the first thing we should do if a serious accident happens is to telephone for an ambu1anee．but sometimes quick actions by us may save someone’s 1ife．even when it is not so，there is often much that we can do to help．

shock：people often suffer from shock after receiving an injury；sometimes even the injury is a small one．the face turns grey, and the skin becomes damp and cold．they breathe quickly．they should be kept warm. cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink．

broken bones：dont move the person．send for an ambulance at once．treat for shock if necessary．

poison：a person who has swallowed poison should be taken to hospital at once．with some poisons, sleeping pills，for example, it is a good thing to make the person sick by pushing your ringers down his throat．but if he has swallowed some kind of acid, or anything that burns, it would be a bad thing to make the person sick．by pushing your fingers down his throat. but if he has swallowed some kind of acid, or anything that burns, it would be a bad thing to make him sick. the poison would burn his throat as it cane up. it is, therefore, best to take the person to find out what the person has taken so that they call to tell the doctor.

suffocation：this means not being able to breathe．for example．a drowning person will have his lungs full of water. lay him down with his head lower than the rest of his body so that the water will drain out. if a person has something stuck in his throat, try to remove it with your fingers, or by hitting him on the back.

when a person has stopped breathing because of drowning，electric shock，breathing in a poisonous gas，etc，you can help him to begin breathing again．you can not learn t his from a book．ask someone to show you how to do it．many boy scouts will be able to show you．

remember：when an accident happens，send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once．keep the injured person warm and quiet．give him plenty of air．do not let other people crowd around him．if you see an injured person who is being looked after，keep away．

the first period

teaching aims

1．train the students’ listening ability．

2．help the students to improve their speaking ability by talking about first aid and medicine．

3．learn and master some useful words and phrases：drown，bleed，choke，prevent，electric，electrical，catch fire．be on fire

teaching important points：

1. improve the students’ listening ability．

2. train the students’ speaking ability.

teaching difficult points:

1. how to improve the students’ listening ability.

2. how to help the students finish the speaking practice.

teaching methods：

1．listening-and-answering activity to help the students go through the listening material．

2．inspanidual, pair or group work to make every student work in class．

teaching aids

1．a tape recorder

2．a projector

3．the blackboard

teaching procedures：

step i greetings and warming up

greet the whole class as usual.

t：(go to one student．) how do you come to school every day，li hua?

s：i come to school by bike．

t：you must be very careful。because there’re so many cars。motorbicycles，bikes and also walkers on the road every day．if you are not careful enough。you may have an accident．have you ever seen an accident?

s：yes．once when i was going home．i saw a boy was knocked down by a bike．

t：realiy? was the boy hurt?

s：luckily he wasn’t hurt badly．only his left leg was hurt a little but there was nothing serious．he picked himself up and went away．

t：the boy was so lucky．but we must be carefully future．now，look at the picture on the screen，please．

(show the picture on the screen．)

t：do you see the woman? she’s not so lucky．i think she is hurl badly．maybe her leg is broken．what can we do to help her?

s：i think we should call for a doctor or an ambulance．

t：yes，i think you’re right．but before the doctor comes, what can we do to help her? do you think we should pull her out of the car?

s：no，i don’t think that’s correct．because we may make her even more hurt．i think we should find enough people to lift the car safely and take the woman to hospital at once．

t：i agree with you．so do remember to be careful when you’re riding your bike．ok．now，please turn to page 57 and look at the pictures in warming up．have a discussion in pairs to find out what you should do in these situations and what we could do to prevent these accidents．

(give the students a moment to prepare and then ask some pairs to report their results．)

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇六

i．brief statements based on the unit

this unit mainly talks about deadly diseases and attitudes towards aids，cancers，

etc．a11 the activities，including warming up，listening，speaking，reading and writing，center on this topic．through this topic，the students not only get more information about diseases，but also learn how to keep a right and positive attitude towards diseases and people with diseases．

in addition，the students can 1earn some useful language points through the materials provided in each part，especially a lot of words and phrases，which are very helpful for the students to build up vocabulary about diseases．the grammar--the subjunctive mood is also important．the given materials and exercises give the students an opportunity to learn grammar by using it．it helps the students learn to talk about things t}lat are not certain to happen as well as imaginary or unreal events and situations．

all of the activities are helpful for the students to improve their knowledge about 1anguage and their skills to use language．

ⅱ．teaching goals

about deadly diseases and attitudes towards aids，cancers，etc．

se talking about imaginary situations．

se supporting and challenging an opinion．

to use the subjunctive m00d(1)：lf 1 were you，…i wish i could…

a personal narrative．

ⅲ．teaching time：four periods

ⅳ．background information

1．health officials struggle to understand sars sever acute respiratory syndrome (sars) has terrified the world．the question on everybody’s mind is whether sars will become a global epidemic．

researchers worldwide have galvanized to combat sars．the challenge for public

health is to determine the nature and potential of any viral threat and to frame a battle plan．

“we are in an evolutionary stage of this epidemic，”said anthony fauci, director of the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases in bethesda，maryland. “it could plateau，go up and down，disappear of explode．this virus is highly virulent，potentially lethal and highly transmissible--it has the potential to cause a really bad epidemic．”

a deadly combination

sars is a so-called hybrid virus-the kind that always triggers a red alert．traditionally a virus affects a single species．but sometimes two viruses combine their genetic material and form a new virus that“ jumps” to another species altogether．

hybrids are dangerous because the body has never encountered them before，and the immune system is unprepared．

“from studying the sequence we see that the sars virus is derived from a mouse coronavirus and an avian coronavirus，”said michael lai，a pioneer in coronavirus genetics at the university of southern california in los angeles．

if the virus exists in a wild widespread host--like the west nile virus carried by mosquitoes-then sars could be a perennia11y recurring problem, according to lai．

if the host is a domestic animal一like the chicken responsible for the avian f1u virus of --then the source of the virus could be eliminated．the avian flu effectively stopped after the hong kong government ordered the slaughter of chickens in the area．

lai suspects that the sars virus lurks in a wild animals. “it probably doesn’t bother domestic animals or we would have come across it before，”he said．

1f people are the only carriers of sars，“honest reporting of sars cases and stringent quarantines could stop the virus in its tracks ,”lai said．

knowing a virus，predicting an epidemic

“making a vaccine could be quite straightforward，if it is needed。”lai said．

vaccines already exist for swine and chicken coronaviruses. but it isn’t easy to gauge whether sars，or any virus．can trigger an epidemic．

“we’ve been working with influenza for over 50 years and it can sti1l evade our best attempts．”

“in many cases of the influenza virus we don’t understand the molecular properties that cause high mortality，”said nancy cox， chief of the influenza branch at the cdc．

“outbreaks are like wildfires，”morse said．“some fires smolder and are easily extinguished．others rage out of control，destroying everything in their path．the who and the cdc are like the fire department and they need to investigate all outbreaks because you never know which way they could go．”

morse points out our long history with influenza．sars is only a few months old．

tracking and containing viruses，and predicting what they will do，morse said，“it is as much an evolving science as an evolving art．”

2．fight continues against hiv／aids

a picture，a calendar or even a balloon may be the best way for millions of people living in china’s vast country areas to learn about aids，one of the biggest threats to public health in the world today．

china has decided to use user-friendly methods including exhibitions, vcds and tv programmes to spread knowledge of the disease across the nation to try to keep it in check．

educating people nationwide about aids is the top priority(优先权)to prevent

the disease from getting out of hand．the farmers wil1 be given knowledge in the easiest way that they can understand．

a recent survey from the commission(调查团)of more than 7 ooo people in china

showed that nearly 20 percent of them had never heard of aids before．just over 71 percent said they knew aids was highly infectious(传染的),but most of them had no clear idea of how the disease could be spread．just over 62 percent said they knew they could do things in advance to prevent them catching aids but they didn’t know what these measures were．

the month-long survey，carried out last december，talked to people in seven counties and cities across china including both developed coastal areas and the less-developed in-land areas．the interviewees changed from 15 to 49 years old，and country residents were about 63％ of the total surveyed．

chinese residents，especially those in the country，have very little knowledge about what aids is all about，not to mention prevention and treatment．by the end of last year, there were 22 517 known hiv／aids cases in china．however，more than 6000000 people in china have been infected．

since 1985，china has discovered 880 patients with aids一466 of them have died．

sharing needles，prostitution(卖淫)and contaminated blood transfusions are major ways for hiv to spread．a lack of education has been the biggest difficulty against nationwide efforts to prevent aids，especially in the countryside．

the first period

teaching aims：

1．learn and master the following：

(1)words：virus，via，mosquito，prevention, persuade

(2)everyday english：

a．supporting an opinion

i think that…，because…

first．…

one reason is that…

for example，…

if we／they were to…．we／they could…

b．challenging an opinion

perhaps．but what if／about…?

have you thought about…?

what makes you think that…?

could you please explain…?

if 1 were you, 1 would…

2．train the students’ skill to use language．

teaching important p0ints：

1．master the use of the following words and phrases：via，persuade，try to persuade

2．train the students’ listening and speaking abilities．

teaching difficult p0ints：

1．how to help the students understand the listening material exactly．

2．how to help the students finish the task of speaking．

teaching methods：

1．a quiz to check the students’ knowledge about aids．

2．listening-and-answering activity to check the students’ understanding of the listening material.

3．oral practice to train the students’ speaking ability．

4．inspanidual，pair or group work to make every student work in class．

teaching aids：

1．a tape recorder

2．a projector

3．the blackboard

teaching procedures：

step i greetings and lead-in

t：good morning／afternoon, everyone.

ss：good morning／afternoon, teacher,

t：sit down，please．we often see programmes on tv and read stories in newspapers and magazines about persons who fight against diseases．what do you think of them?

ss：they are unlucky but great．

t：who do you think so? li ying，give us your opinion．

s：they are unlucky because the life is hard for them with diseases．and they may die earlier if they get some serious or even deadly disease．they are great because they have courage to fight against the diseases and sti11 try to make their life meaningfu1．

t：very good speech．sit down，please. how many kinds of deadly diseases do you know?

ss：aids，cancers…

t：yes．aids and cancers are two kinds of serious diseases．today，we are going to 1earn unit 7 living with disease．

(bb：unit 7 living with disease)this unit will help us know more about diseases and people living with disease．first，let’s learn some new words in the first period．look at the screen．

(teacher shows the screen and then deals with the new words．)

△deadly／′dedli ／ adj．

△infect／in′fekt／vt．

△transmit/traenz′mit/ vt．

△route／ru:t／n.

△donation／d u′nei n／n.

prevention／pri′ven n／n.

△cocaine／k u′kein／n.

△imaginary／i′maed3in遰i／adj.

virus／′vai r s／n.

via／′vai ／prep．

mosquito／m s′ki：t u／n．

△stacy／′steisi /

persuade／p ′sweid／ vt.

△heroin／her uin／n.

(bb：via，persuade／try to persuade)

step ii warming up

t：as we a11 know，aids is a kind of deadly disease．the government has paid special attention to its prevention and treatment．and some ways to spread the knowledge about aids have been used across the country．how much do you know about aids? now，open your books on page 49. here is an aids quiz for you to check your knowledge about aids．first finish it inspanidually。then i’ll provide the right answers for you．you can begin now．

(a few minutes later，teacher shows the following on the screen and checks

the answers with the whole class．)

aids quiz

decide which of these statements are true and which are false．tick the

correct box．

true false

bad people get aids. □ □√

2.i can become infected with hiv by swimming in a pool，sitting in a bath， holding hands or kissing someone with hiv □ □√

，there were 42 million people living with aids in the world．□ □√

who have not infected drugs do not need to get tested for hiv．

□ □√

5.1f i had hiv，i would know because i would feel sick． □ □√

/ aids is incurable． □√ □

who have h1v look different from everyone else. □ □√

is safe to be friends with people who are living with a1ds．□ □√

t：wel1，now look at the pictures below the aids quiz．what information do they tell us about aids? liu yang, you try，please．

s：the pictures tell us that the aids can- not be transmitted via the following

routes；cups，glasses，toilet seat，swimming poo1s, mosquitoes or blood donation．

t：how do you know about that?

s：that has been shown by medical studies．

t：well done．thank you．sit down, please．

step ⅲ listening

t：next，1et’s come to the listening part．the listening material will tell us

about a disease detective at the centre for disease control and prevention．now，please turn to page 50．let’s 1ook at the instruction and the questions in part 1 first．then ill play the tape．at the end，i’ll ask some of you to answer the questions and we’ll check them together．are you clear about that?

ss：yes．

(teacher goes through the instruction and questions first．then play the tape．finally check the answers．after that, teacher asks the students to do

part 2．)

t：well，now please listen to the tape once again and take some notes of what you hear．then use your notes to tell your partner about how stacy works，how she feels about her job，and what advice she gives. are you clear about that ?

ss：yes。

t：and if you were a disease detective. what would you do to learn more about a new disease ? talk about it with your partner at the end．do you remember?

ss：yes．

t：ok．now, please listen carefully．remember to take notes．

(the students listen and make notes first. then talk about the questions with their partners．at the end，teacher may asks some students to report for the rest of the class．)

(bb：a disease detective．the centre for disease control and prevention．)

step ⅳ speaking

t：at the beginning of the class，we talked about some deadly diseases, and we also had a quiz on aids．we know aids is not only one of the deadly diseases but also a most serious social problem today．could you please explain why? guo li，you try, please．

s：one reason is that it is incurable，another is that people know little about health care, prevention and education．

t：well done．besides aids there are some other most serious social problems such as drugs，smoking and drinking．which do you think is the most serious one? now let’s come to the speaking part．choose one of the problems listed below or think of an- other serious problem．prepare a role card on which you write down reasons why you think your problem is the most serious．use the role card in the group discussion and try to persuade the other group members that your problem is the most serious one．are you clear?

ss：yes．

t：and ill show you some useful expressions on the screen to help you with your discussion．

(teacher shows the screen．)

supporting an opinion

i think that…，because…

first…

one reason is that…

for example，…

if we／they were to…, we／they could…

challenging an opinion

perhaps，but what if／about…?

have you thought about…?

what makes you think that…?

could you please explain…?

if i were you, i would…

(teacher and the students go through the expressions together. then the students begin to discuss in groups．at last．teacher may ask some students to report for the rest of the class．)

step v summary and homework

t：you all did very well in this class．now let’s look at what we’ve done in this period．first，we’ve had a quiz to check your knowledge about aids，which helps us know more about aids．second，we’ve listened to the tape about a disease detective at the center for disease control and prevention，which helps us get some knowledge about disease detectives and their work. third，we’ve discussed what is the most serious problem today．this not only makes us care more about social problems，but also train our speaking ability．what’s more，we’ve learnt some useful words and phrases．after class, please practise more and prepare for the next period．so much for today. class is over．see you tomorrow．

ss：see you tomorrow．

step ⅵ the design of the writing on the blackboard

unit 7 living with disease the first period

1. via

e. g. we can send him a note via the internal mail system．

2．persuade sb．to do sth．；try to persuade sb．to do sth．

e．g. the salesman persuaded us to buy his product．

he tried to persuade him to change his mind．

step ⅶ record after teaching

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇七

(revision)

step 1: go over the words and expressions once again by a dictation or sentences making:

work on, go by, be/get engaged to sb. , go on with, dream of, turn out, take a look at, what if, the other way around, hope for, in fact, in the 1970s, mean to do sth. , according to , believe in, a number of, test the theory, use up, in order to , search for, stop sb. from doing sth.,

media, reliable, fire, face, difficulty, elect, injure, headline, editor, informed, relate, talented, switch, present, reflect, unique, spiritual, seldom, aids, addict, social, suffer, ignore, tolerate, affair, retire, awful, telegram, housewife, crowded, shopper, complete, bore, attitude, disappoint, responsible, citizen, polluter, arm, update, go up, for once, relate to, be addicted to, even if, draw attention to , on all sides, change one’s mind, current affairs, look up to, fall in love,

prefer, share, furniture, stand, impress, despite, create, invite, seem, design, sale, block, preference, apartment, style, glance, ugly, modernism, construction, concrete, roof, dragon, fantastic, sail, stadium, net, nest, branch, structure, bold, stick, rent, reasonable, aid, aside, workshop, development, in a hurry, glance at, take examples, act as, fill up with, join… to…, set aside, prefer to do, prefer doing, prefer sb to do, share with, compare with, look as if, refer to.

consist, state, powerful, advantage, narrow, republic, form, mild, influence, basis, mountainous, union, strength, generation, generally, belief, cigarette, proof, own, production, produce, research, coast, foot, employ, bear, grain, wild, westwards, approach;

consist of, be made up of, make the most of, hold together, lie off, at one point, the atlantic ocean, run over.

step 2: come to the following topic and ask the ss to say something about each topic:

science and scientist; news and the media; art and architecture; literature and poetry; geography

step 3: review the new grammar items:

the past participle and noun clauses

the past participle

1. my friends sent me some used stamps.

2. books written by cai zhizhong are well received.

3. we are all interested in english.

4. he seemed confused at what i said.

5. everybody thought the battle lost.

6. with my watch lost, i didn’t know what time it was.

7. he found two of the windows broken.

he found a number of people working there.

greatly surprised, he couldn’t say a word.

8. when completed, the canal will connect the river with the lake.

9. coated with sugar, bananas will taste better.

10. even if invited, i wouldn’t go.

11. he stared at me, astonished.

noun clauses

what life will be like is the topic for today’s class discussion.

can you imagine that what man will look like in 1000 years?

the reason why he didn’t come to school is that he was ill.

the news that our football team was defeated is known to all.

step 4: some exercises on the grammar.

step 5: review functional items in the units1-5

describing people/debating; expressing opinions/ preferences/ intention/ agreement and disagreement.

a. use the following sentence structures:

that’s correct /true.

there is no doubt that ……

it’s clear that…..

it’s hard to say.

i doubt that … …

well, maybe, but … …

what’s your idea ?

have you thought about … …

b. practise expressing opinions, using the following sentence structures:

i would rather choose … ….

i don’t think we could choose … …

maybe it would be better to choose… …

what do you think of … ….

what’s your opinion ?

why do you choose… …?

c. express preferences:

i’d prefer….

i prefer something that….

i’d rather…..

what i like is ….

i’m interested in….

i would feel happy if…

i can’t stand….

i don’t get very excited about…

d. practise expressing intention and decision:

i’m interested to…

i’m interested but…

i think i might want…

i want to….

i’d like to,,,,

i think it will be too difficult to…

i think it will be boring…

i hope to find….

i don’t know much about… but….

i never heard of… so….

i’m not interested in…. so….

e. practise expressing agreement and disagreement

a. agreement:

i believe that you have got it right.

surely it must be….

yes, you are right, but ….

yes, i agree with you.

b. disagreement:

don’t you think that…..?

aren’t you confusing …..?

i don’t think that’s right ….

i don’t think so.

you must be mistaken……

no, you are wrong thinking that …….

i’m afraid you’re wrong …..

step 6: some additional exercises.

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇八

ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法

一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。

1、when，while引导的时间状语从句

e.g. do be careful when (you are) crossing the /while (i was) on my way to work, i met her.

2、if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句e.g. if (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.

i’ll not go to the party unless (i am) invited.

once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.

3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句

e.g. he was happy, though/although (he was) r (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.

no matter how/however hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）

4、as if，as though引导的方式状语从句

e.g. he rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep.

he stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）

二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：

当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。

e.g. he is taller than his brother (is).

i have as much as confidence in you as (i have confidence) in him.

三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is，there is/are。

e.g. if (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.

if (that is) so, i will call you back at 5:00 pm.

there are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any.

ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法

关系词的省略关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

e.g. the man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.

i don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl.

ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略

1、当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。

e.g. if i were a teacher, i would be strict with my students.= were i a teacher, i would be strict with my students.

2、suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。e.g. the doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.

ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略

1、感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略to。

2、do nothing but，can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。

e.g. we didn’t do anything but stay at home watching tv yesterday.

hearing the news, she couldn’t help but cry.

3、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。

e.g. my parents encouraged me to go to college, but i didn’t want to.

ⅴ、so和not的替代性省略

用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，i’m afraid等连用

e.g. – do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? – i suppose not

ⅵ、日常交际中的省略

在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。

e.g. – how many copies do you want? -- (i want) three copies, please.

-- have you ever been to the great wall? -- no, (i have) never (been to the great wall).

省略句用法专项练习

1、-lucy，could you please spare me a few minutes?

-____，but i hope ”a few minutes" wont turn into a few hours.

a. it doesnt matter b. thats kind of you c. im afraid not d. i guess so

2、-hey，taxi!-_____-i want to go to the dentists.

a. good morning, sir. b. nice to see you, sir. c. where to, sir? d. what are you going to do, sir?

3、the doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient_____immediately.

a. be operated on b. operated on c. was operated on d. would be operated on

4、when he came back, he found the bag he had____over the seat was gone.

a. left to hang b. left hanging c. left hung d. to leave hanging

5、liu xiang spoke slowly to the special olympic competitors so as to have them____.

a. understand him b. to be understood c. be understood d. to understand him

6、-are there any english story books for us students in the library?

-there are only a few, ____.a. if any b. if have c. if some d. if has

7、francis, ____born in kentucky, lived and practiced law in missouri.a. was b. he was c. although d. but

8、-does betty know where her violin is?

-she saw somebody walking off with one, but she doesnt know____.

a. whose b. it c. whom d. which

9、-arent you the manager?-no, and i ____.

a. dont want b. dont want to c. dont want to be d. dont

10、-how are you getting on with your work?

-oh, im sorry. things arent going so well as____.a. plans b. planning c. planned d. to plan

11、-whats the matter with you?

-i didnt pass the test, but i still____.a. hope so b. hope to c. hope it d. hope that

12、the doctor did what he could ___ the boy, but in vain.

a. save b. to save c. saving d. saved

13、-you look happy today, mary.

-i like my new dress and mother ___, too.a. likes b. does c. is d. do

14、-what happened to the boy? he was making so much noise.

-he wanted to play football, but his mother warned him ____.a. not b. to c. not to d./

15、____ for your brother, i would not have gone to see mr. wang.

a. if it is not b. were it not c. had it not been d. if they were not

参考答案：1-5 dcaba 6-10 acacc 11-15 bbbcc

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇九

课时 6-1 备课人万兴安授课时间 .12

教学目标 1. learn something about volcano through reading.

2. the students can use what they have learned to describe volcanoes.

3. the students realize that human beings can overcome any hardship.

4. the students will improve the ability to solve problems.

教学重点 to master the useful new words & expressions in this period.

tand the text well.

教学难点 to use the new words & expressions correctly.

understand the reading materials of similar topics.

教、学具 a computer, a tape recorder & a projector, some slides.

预习要求 read new words in unit 10.

教师活动内容、方式学生活动内容、方式旁注

step 1 warming up

questions:

1. what’s the weather like today?

2. do you often care about the weather?

3. how do you hear about it?

4. have you ever heard of typhoon?

5. what words can you think of to describe the typhoon weather?

6. what will you feel in such kind of weather?

7. what about the hurricane? have you ever heard about it?

8. what about volcano?

9. how is a volcano formed?

10. where is the most possible place that a volcano may erupt?

11. do you know how a volcano works, if you do, describe it?

step 2 pre reading

show a picture

(the body of the people, exactly, the body of the people in the town of pompeii in the southern italy.----show a picture of the relics of the town of pompeii.).

show another.

(a volcano erupted suddenly and after 18 hours all were damaged, including the people, animals, plants and the town itself.)

step 3 while reading

q5: heavy wind (blow hard) storm (show a picture of stormy weather.)

roaring thunder (also roaring forties: part of the atlantic ocean, often very stormy, between latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees south.)

q9: 1). show a video about the eruption of a volcano.

2). show a picture of the boiling water kettle, which means the eruption of a volcano is something like the boiling water from the kettle. that is, the rocks is very, very hot and melted to gas and liquid. and they try to get out like the steam and boiling water.

task 1 skim the text and answer the following questions.

q1: what is described in the following passage?

q2: when and where did it happen?

q3: who is the writer of the letter?

task 2 decide whether the sentences are true or false.

1. a volcano erupted on the 24th of august in 79 bc in southern italy.

2. my uncle planned to save his friend’s wife rectina.

3. my uncle went to rescue pompy after saving rectina. 4. the flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.

5. they decided to try the open air instead of staying in the house. 6. it was night when the volcano erupted.

task 4 scan the text & fill in the following form.

task 5 arrange the following statements according to the right order.

1. he decided to rescue his friend pompy.

2. some people watched an unusual cloud rising from a mountain. 3. rectina begged him to save her.

4. he ordered a boat made ready.

5. two slaves helped him stand up and immediately he fell down dead. 6. he bathed and had dinner.

7. a rain of rocks was coming down.

task 6 read the text again and explain what the words in bold refer to: it, the one, the other, their, they

homework.

1. (in the first period)find out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can.

2. refer to the website to know more about the volcano.

/yanjiu/gta

/zlg/huoshan

ss answer:

the eruption of the volcano called mount vesuvius.

on the 24th of august in 79 ad in southern italy.

pliny, the younger.

check answers: 3t,5t

ss read the text again and rearrange the order：

2431675

check answers:

it: a cloud of unusual size and shape rising from a mountain

the one: the wind

the other: my uncle’s friend pompy

their: flames

they: scared people

ss finish their homework.

课题 sefcb2unit 10 课时 6-2 备课人万兴安授课时间 2004.12

教学目标 1. the students can use what they have learned to describe volcanoes.

2. the students realize that human beings can overcome any hardship.

3. the students will improve the ability to solve problems.

教学重点 to master the useful new words & expressions in this period.

tand the text further

教学难点 to use the new words & expressions correctly.

understand the reading materials of similar topics.

教、学具 a tape recorder , a projector, some slides.

预习要求 read the text of unit 10.

教师活动内容、方式学生活动内容、方式旁注

step 1 go over the text

get ss to listen to the recording of the text.

step 2 revision

check their homework

step 3 post reading

task 1 the uncle of the writer was not afraid of what was happening. how do you know? give three examples that show he had no fear.

task 2 further understanding

1. how does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

2. what’s the relation between human beings and nature?

3. what should we do to protect the environment that we live in?

5r policy.

show a picture of a tree; explain to the students that we must reduce the amount of trees that we cut down.

show a picture of a coat; explain to the students that when our coat is not suitable for us to wear, we can give it to our brothers, sisters or give it to the project hope.

show a picture of a cola can; explain to the students that after drinking the cola, the cans left can be collected together and melt them to make new cans. listen to the text

check their most enjoyable sentences in the text. get some of them to recite some of the sentences.

answer:

1. he wrote a report about all he observed during his trip.

2. rescued pompy, calmed down, bathed and had dinner, sleep, etc.

3. slept after baths and dinner, told the flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.

1. reduce: reduce the amount of waste by every possible means.

2. reuse: reuse the useful things before getting rid of them.

3. recycle: recycle the waste things if possible.

show a picture of a watermelon; explain to the students that if part of the watermelon is rotten, we can cut it out and eat the good parts.

show a picture of a chair; explain to the students that if one leg of a chair is broken, we can repair it and use it again.

step 4. language points.

1. draw one’s attention to sth. 吸引某人的注意力

eg. she drew my attention to a mistake in the report.

catch one’s attention; focus one’s attention on; pay attention to; give one’s attention to

2. ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.

3. urge 催促, 极力主张; 强烈要求

eg. the u.s.a urged iraq to give up.

4. upon arrival: as soon as he arrived 当…的时候; 一… 就…

5. bath n. 洗澡；浴缸

bathe v. 洗澡

6. he looked more asleep than dead.

eg. the pig looks more lovely than stupid.

eg. the boy looks more stupid than angry.

step 5 homework

finish exercise 2 at page 77 in sb..

bb design:

4. recover: make use of good parts while getting rid of the bad ones.

5. repair: repair the broken things.

ss listen and take notes when necessary.

finish the homework

check answers next time.

课题 sefcb2unit 10 课时 6-3 备课人万兴安授课时间 2004.12

教学目标 1) understand the listening text in the workbook.

2) the ss can express emotion, anxiety and fear properly.

3) know more about typhoon.

教学重点 to master the useful new words and expressions.

教学难点 how to use what the students have learned to describe a nature disaster.

教、学具 a computer, a projector & a tape recorder

预习要求 nothing but to read the new words.

教师活动内容、方式学生活动内容、方式旁注

step1 revision

check homework.

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十

厦门市五显中学叶梅芳

教学课题 sefc bookii, unit4 a garden of poems, the third period

(高二英语上册第四单元第三课时)

课程类型阅读课授课地点小多媒体教室

教理

学论

设依

计据英语教学是一种动态教学或活动教学，教学过程是交际活动过程。只有从组织教学活动入手，大量地进行语言实践，使英语课堂交际化，才能有效地培养学生运用英语进行交际的能力。新课标提出：“外国语是学习文化科学知识，获取世界各方面信息和进行国际交往的重要工具。”和“……发展听、说、读、写的基本技能，提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，……”，结合本年段国家级子课题“开云KY官方登录入口英语阅读理解策略的形成性评价”的实施和本班学生的实际，对教材进行了操作性较强的处理。

教

材

分

析本课是高二英语第4单元的第三课时，是一篇介绍诗歌的文章，内容包括了英文诗歌的发展历程，简要介绍了几个时期为中国读者所熟知和喜爱的著名英美诗人、作品特点、英文诗歌传入中国的历史以及英语诗歌的赏析，我在教学中将淡化语言点和语法知识的简单传授，采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语料输入量及学生的语言输出量。

学

情

分

析在高一年英语学习的基础上，高二学生已经掌握了略读、跳读等一定的阅读技巧以及识别关键词、确定主题句、预测等阅读微技能，形成了初步的阅读策略。但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差；主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，好胜心强，渴望在班集体里得到他人的承认，很在乎别人对他们的评价；求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师，愿意开口讲。他们有着开云KY官方登录入口生独立、爱表现自我的特点。因此，只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。

教

学

重

点 1. 对全文大意作整体理解。

2.掌握本课的重点单词与词组：

unit4 a garden of poems

the third period

english poetry

useful words and expressions

play with absence

call up remind…of

despite lead to

time come into being

belong to stand out

3.找出各段的主题句并归纳出本文的中心思想，提高运用英语的综合能力。

教难

学点

教

学

难

点

1. 如何利用略读、查读等阅读技巧和识别关键词、确定主题句、预测等阅读微技

形成阅读策略。

2. 如何帮助学生运用阅读策略，促进学生自主学习。

3. 怎样以阅读课的教学为依托，全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力。

4. 掌握本课的重点单词与词组，指导学生借助工具书进行适当的辨析与拓展，

提高实践能力。

unit4 a garden of poems

the third period

english poetry

useful words and expressions

play with absence

call up remind…of

despite lead to

time come into being

belong to stand out

教

学

目

标 (一) 认知目标

1．词汇和语言点（见教学重点第2点）。

2．充分理解课文大意并完成所给的任务。

3．用所学的词汇和语言点复述课文。

4．用所学的知识与伙伴进行交流、沟通，学会交际。

（二）情感目标

利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生不自觉地进入情景之中，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，引起学生的共鸣。本部分旨在培养学生通过阅读手段，获取有关英国诗歌方面的知识，提高他们的素质，扩大他们的国际视野，提高阅读能力，强化文化意识，激发他们热爱我国瑰丽的诗歌文化宝库的爱国热情。

（三）智力目标

在运用语言的过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力，帮助学生加强记忆力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力，激发创造能力。

教

学

方

法

教

学

方

法开云KY官方登录入口阶段是个体探索自我、发现自我、表现自我、塑造自我、完善自我的重要时期，开云KY官方登录入口生的认识能力比初中普遍提高，自我意识进一步发展，独立意识等均有明显提高，通过活动课、小组讨论等具体形式，特别是创设有利于开云KY官方登录入口生自己自我认识、自我反省、自我调节的情境，利用他们自身较高的自我意识水平对自己的学习进行调节、监控。因此，本课我主要采用以下几种教学方法：

1、活动教学法：

“活动教学法”早在二十世纪七十年代末就已风靡澳大利亚、英、美等国家。根据澳大利亚all guidelines( scarino angela, etal, )一书所述，宏观的活动教学法认为“活动”是联结教学大纲与课堂教学的纽带，教师必须把活动作为教学大纲的指导思想有计划、有步骤地实施。微观的活动教学法即指课堂教学活动中，将活动作为教与学的中心单位以促进语言习得者用目的语言(target language)进行交际。它认为活动包含积极的有目的的语言使用环境，习得者必须使用已有的语言资源以满足在设定的语境中进行交际的需要。活动教学法（activity approach）是交际法家族的后起之秀。它一出现，就引起了外语界的高度重视，迄今已成为较为普遍采用的教学模式。活动的内涵可理解为：“活”即活化、激活（activate）；“动”即行动（act）。

2、任务型教学法：

任务型教学法是让学生在课堂活动中获得知识。任务完成的过程，就是一个知识转化的过程。它应具备以下特点：（1）以任务为中心，而不是以操练语言形式为目的。（2）任务的设计焦点应该是解决某一具体的贴近学生生活的交际问题。在任务型语言教学中，教师要从学生“学”的角度来设计教学活动，使学生的学习活动具有明确的目标，并构成一个有梯度的连续活动。在教师精心设计的各种“任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识或得出结论，从注重语言本身转变为注重语言习得。从而获得语言运用的能力而不是仅仅掌握现成的语言知识点。随着“任务”的不断深化，整个语言学习的过程会越来越自动化和自主化。

3、交际法：

交际法起源于功能法(functional approach)，是70年代在西欧兴起的外语教学法科学的一个学派。它主张在教学内容上以“功能项目为纲”，力求使教学过程交际化，以培养外语交际的真本领。从心理语言学的角度来考察，语言同交际或交流始终紧密相联，语言功能首先就是交际功能。功能法把交际或交流作为全部教学的出发点，因此又叫交际法或交流法(communicative approach)。美国人类学家海姆斯在《论交际能力》一书中认为交际能力包括：①形式上是否可能，即语法要正确；②实际是否可行，人们是否这样说；③语言是否得体，这包含语境、对话者的身份、性别等因素；④语言的可接受性如何、结果怎样。

学

法

渗

透本课我将结合活动教学法和任务型教学法，在教学中将学生分成四人一组的学习小组。让学生们在小组中通过合作和探究来完成他们的任务。

合作学习（cooperative learning）是指促进学生在异质小组中彼此互助，共同完成学习任务，并以小组总体表现为奖励依据的教学理论与策略体系。合作学习起源于60年代社会心理学家对学生集体动力作用的研究。在70年代中期，合作学习兴起，80年代中期逐步发展为一种课堂教学的策略。这一策略目前已广泛的用于50多个国家的中小学课堂。各个国家的合作学习的理论与实践有较大的差异，有的侧重相对结构化的方案，着眼于技能、概念、信息的掌握，有的注重非结构性的讨论或小组设计，着眼于社会化、高水平的思维或问题解决的技能。

合作学习在形式上是学生座位排列由过去的秧田式变成合围而坐，但其实质是学生间建立起积极的相互依存关系，每一个组员不仅自己要主动学习，还有责任帮助其他同学学习，以全组每一个同学都学好为目标。教师根据小组的总体表现进行小组奖励，学生是同自己过去比较而获奖励。合作学习不仅有利于提高学生的学业成绩，而且能满足学生心理需要，提高学生自尊，促进学生情感发展与同学间互爱及学生社交能力的提高。通过这种形式的教学，学生可以较好地适应将来在校外可能遇到的各种能力差异，使个别差异在集体教学中发挥积极作用。

教

学

手

段 1、多媒体辅助：将本课所需要的动画、录音、图片、文字、图表和音乐制成cai软件使抽象的语言变得直观，为学生运用英语进行交际创设情景。

2、非测试性评价：传统的评价观念的出发点是学科本位，只重学科，不重学生发展。要体现新课程标准的实施效果，评价体系应该“正确反映外语学习的本质和过程，满足学生发展的需要”。为了达到这一目标，唯有重视形成性评价，充分发挥其积极作用，促进新的评价体系的形成。因此，本课我将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段，帮助学生学会自主学习，学会与人合作，培养创新意识以及具备科学的价值观。

教学过程设计

教学步骤活动内容设计意图

step1

warming up

（热身-

英语诗歌

朗诵竞赛） hold an english poem recital competition. spanide the whole class into a number of groups. they need to collect english poems they like and practise before this competition. each group asks one student to act as the competitor.

评价工具（选票）：

name title score

correctness 5 4 3 2 1

rhythm 5 4 3 2 1

feelings 5 4 3 2 1

translation 5 4 3 2 1

language 5 4 3 2 1

任务型活动：课题的引入采用诗歌朗诵竞赛形式(课前十分钟完成)，学生小组活动，收集适合朗诵的中外诗歌包括中英文译文，既锻炼了学生的动手收集材料的能力，又激发了参与学习过程的热情和竞争意识，学习了翻译、欣赏原文及其译作并学习体验了诗歌朗诵的美感。最后由全体同学对各组参与代表投票进行非测试性评价。

step2

presentation

（导入） give two famous poems. one is chinese and the other is english with their translation for the students to compare with. (teacher shows on the screen.)

七步诗

曹植

煮豆燃豆萁，

豆在釜中泣；

“本是同根生，

相煎何太急？”

they were boiling beans on a beanstalk fire,

came a plaintive voice from the pot,

“o, while since we sprang from the selfsame root,

should you kill me with anger hot?”

dust of snow

by robert frost

the way a crow

shook down on me

the dust of snow

from a hemlock

has given my heart

a change of mood

and saved some part

of a day i had rued.

雪尘

罗伯特.弗罗斯特

铁杉树上

一只乌鸦

抖落雪尘

撒我一身

我的心情

因此变化

一天的懊丧

已不再留下。

紧扣上一环节的英文诗歌朗诵竞赛，课件展示两首中外著名的诗歌及其译文，引导学生初步了解东西方诗歌，古典诗歌和现代诗歌的异同，为后面的快速阅读和讨论环节作铺垫。

step3

fast reading

（泛读） 1. jigsaw (拼图游戏): the teacher cuts each paragraph of the text into a little strip, shuffles the strips, and gives each group a strip. the goal is for students to determine where each of their paragraphs belongs in the whole context of the story, to stand in their position once it is determined, and to read off the reconstructed story..

2. let the students skim the text quickly and then answer these questions below, see if they can catch the main idea of the text.

read the text carefully and choose the best answer for each of the following questions:

1. modern english came into being from about the middle of the _____ century.

a. 16th b. 17th c. 18th d. 19th

2. the poetry of marvell reminds chinese readers of the poem by ______.

a. du fu b. li bai

c. su dongpo d. gou moruo

3. byron’s “isles of greece” is an example of ________.

a. a sonnet b. romantic poetry

c. nature poetry d. modern poetry

4. the wider public in china discovered english poetry at the beginning of the _____ century.

a. 17th b. 18th c. 19th d. 20th

5. the advantage of reading english poetry in china translation is __________

a. that you have more advice

b. that something of the spirit is lost

c. that you understand it better

d. that you learn how to express yourself in new ways 小组活动：

任务一是一个有趣的阅读活动，学生在完成拼图游戏（把打乱的课文的各个段落的顺序排列好）的同时，对课文的大意实际上就有了一定的了解。任务二是快速限时阅读，把阅读课文作为整体来处理，检查学生对课文中的事实的表层理解，养成良好的阅读习惯，提高阅读技能。本环节难度不高，即便学困生也能完成此任务。成功给人以最大的满足，产生自豪感，增强学习毅力。

step4

careful reading

（精读）

step4

careful reading

（精读） 1. get the students to read the reading passage reading passage again more carefully and find the main idea of each paragraph.

items main idea

paragraph1 why we need poetry

paragraph2 chinese poets and poetry

paragraph3 early english poets

paragraph4 the 19th century english poems

paragraph5 modern english poets

paragraph6 the introduction of english poetry into china

paragraph7 why more people are interested in english poetry

2．make a timeline that shows which poets were living during which century. put all the foreign poets named in the reading passage on the timeline.

1600… 1700 1800 1900

keys:

①shakespeare ②john donne ③john milton

④alexander pope ⑤byron ⑥john keats

⑦william wordsworth ⑧robert frost 小组活动：在快速阅读环节对课文表层理解的基础上，进行定段落大意、填写时间轴等对课文的深层理解。同组的学生互相配合，分工合作，交流意见，最终确定各段的大意，理清文章的内容。在阅读过程中，教师鼓励学生自己发现文章中的疑难点（包括部分生词），并通过小组合作，解决疑难点。

step5

discussion

（讨论）

step5

discussion

（讨论）

get the students to discuss the differences between traditional poetry and modern poetry according to what they’ve learnt in the reading passage and the information they collect for the english poem recital competition before class.

traditional poetry modern poetry

fixed form and number of lines

usually had rhyme

has a fixed rhyme pattern

only some topics could be seen form of the poem an number of lines is free

usually doesn’t have rhyme

has free rhyme pattern

can be about common topics

小组活动，利用课文所学内容和为英文诗歌朗诵所收集的材料以及已经掌握的中文诗歌，运用任务教学法对古典和现代诗歌作进一步的研究、探讨。相互交流，彼此双方的意见达到最终一致而完成自己的任务。人人都有均等参与的机会。充分发挥了学生的主观能动性，让学生动起来，让他们自动地投身于语言学习的活动中，使他们能在课堂教学活动中真正有一种学习主人的滋味，有一种成功的渴望和感受。把他们的表现欲充分调动起来，敢于表现自己，敢于运用所学的语言表达自己的观点、看法和思想。调动学生的创造性思维，开发学生的智力潜能，提高学生的创造思维能力。把教学活动变成了真正的交际活动，并将课堂活动推向高潮。在教学过程中学生之间的交流和相互启发、帮助和鼓励，学生从获得知识过渡到对新知识的理解、掌握和运用，激发学生的学习主动性和积极性，使学生变被动为主动，变浅层次的参与为深层次的参与。通过交际发现问题，修正错误，得到提高。伙伴间融洽的气氛使相互间的纠错容易接受，免却了学生的畏惧心理。学生深刻地理解、掌握课文后，通过这一活动强化了记忆的效果，使知识逐步转化为技能和能力。学生将所领会到的知识、技能运用到另一个情景中去，通过交际学会交际。使学生能鲜明地感受到学习的意义，显示了学以致用的功效。

step6

assignment

（作业） 1. use the following guide to write a report for the poetry competition held in this lesson.

（利用下列提示，写一篇关于本节课英文诗歌朗诵比赛的小作文。）

report for the poetry competition

paragraph1 write a short first paragraph in which you say a few things about all the poems.

paragraph2 tell which poem won the first prize and explain why. write something about the form of the poem and whether it was well written.

paragraph3 do the same for the poem that won the second prize.

paragraph4 do the same for the poem that wins the third prize.

2. if you want to know more about english poetry, you can search the internet，/sbpage/

（要进一步了解英文诗歌，可根据所提供网址上网查询。）

3.小组课堂评价表（课后完成）

非测试性评价：小组互评，了解学生的学习情感、策略，由组长负责，组织小组反思，填写下表（以5分制计），并存入学习档案。

姓名

小组合作工作量

组内活动创意

查找资料量

班级活动参与情况

提出问题个数

参与活动进步情况

任务型活动：课外作业，课堂小组活动延伸到课外，学生仍然可以互相合作完成该写作任务。该环节是本课所有教学环节的延续，通过写的练习，使学生逐步学会使用文段中的语言素材，活用固定的表达方法，学生需要用所学的语言讨论自己感兴趣的话题，表达自己的思想，与同伴交流各自了解的信息，达到了形成和提高写作能力与技巧的目的。

blackboard design (板书设计)

unit4 a garden of poems

the third period

english poetry

useful words and expressions

play with absence

call up remind…of

despite lead to

time come into being

belong to stand out

reflection after teaching（教学反思）

本节课我通过不同的任务设置，让学生在小组活动中通过合作和探究来完成各个任务，活动既有轻松有趣的诗歌朗读竞赛和重组课文段落的拼图游戏，又有需要深层思考的阅读理解活动和讨论活动，不同的任务设置激发了学生的学习兴趣和用英语表达的欲望，小组活动在竞赛中进行，使得小组活动既有合作又有竞争，增加了小组活动的有效性。同时小组竞赛和课堂评价表的非测试性评价手段对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩以及所反映出的情感、态度、策略等方面的发展做出评价，达到激励学生学习，帮助学生有效调控自己的学习过程，使学生获得成就感，增强自信心，培养合作精神的目的。

由于学生的语言基础不扎实，在表达自己的看法和用英语进行讨论时，不时有学生夹杂着汉语，或有的学生不敢大胆说出自己的看法，欲言又止。这说明，在平时的教学中，我应该多呈现给学生更多的常用句型，让学生掌握常用句型，在让学生进行谈论前，应尽量帮助学生解决语言困难。在学生进行小组活动时，应尽量给学生更多的帮助，主动了解学生的语言困难。

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十一

浙江省文成中学吴媛媛

一、教学分析

1、教材内容分析

本单元围绕“scientific achievements”这一中心话题，从科学家、科学假说、科学理论、科学探索等方面设计听、说、读、写等一系列教学活动。“warming up”部分设置了三个问题，要求学生就重要的科学成就进行讨论，从而帮助学生认识重要的科学成就，了解科学成就对社会发展、人类进步的重大贡献，同时激发学生热爱科学、投身于科学研究的热情，探索科学研究的方法。“listening”部分设计了两道材料问题和一道开放性的情景话题。主要培养学生捕捉和筛选信息的能力，然后要求学生在一定语言输入后进行语言输出，旨在培养学生的想象能力和应用能力，通过自己的语言体会重大科学成就的意义。“speaking”部分重点训练表达意图和愿望的日常交际用语，以五人小组的活动形式组织学生扮演科学家的角色，陈述各人的研究方向并阐明其重要性来申请科研经费。“reading”部分为一篇介绍中关村的形成、发展及其重要意义的记叙文。通过对文章的理解，学习中关村人的创业精神。“language study”部分由词汇和语法两部分组成，该部分不仅教授了四种构词法知识，更鼓励学生通过四项练习，运用构词法知识提高阅读能力。“integrating skills”部分设计了一个阅读和写作的练习，在学生了解四大科技成就及其重要性后，要求学生略加扩充写一篇最伟大的科学成就的文章。“tips”部分提出了说服性写作必须论点明确、论据充分，为写作提供了写作方法。

2、教学重点、难点:

本单元的重点在于借助“高科技成就”这一话题，学习、复习涉及这一话题的有关语言知识和语言技能（见教学目标），激发学生热爱科学、奋发图强、献身于科学的热情。

本单元的难点在于培养学生充分利用已有的英语知识表达自己，谈论科学家、科学成就、理想抱负。

二、教学目标

1、语言知识目标

1）要求学生掌握必要的单词、词组和句型：solar, constitution, private, grasp…it’ likely that…, make it possible for sb to do sth…,etc.

2）掌握一定量的表达“wishes and intentions”的交际功能用语。

3）同时要求学生掌握本单元出现的构词法及一些常见的前缀后缀及词根的意义。

2、语言技能目标

通过本单元的内容培养学生良好的“听、说、读、写”的技能，使学生能运用所学的知识解决相关情景中的一些类似问题，并能结合所给任务，综合运用新旧知识解决问题，完成任务，在此基础上鼓励学生大胆地根据各自的语言基础与能力，有个性地解决问题，就科学成就提出独特的见解。

3、情感目标

1）激发学生并提高学习英语的兴趣，乐于接受新鲜事物，勇于尝试：体现课堂教学“主体者”的身份，积极主动地参与教学各环节，成为学习的主人：具有个性，培养创造能力。

2）培养同学之间日常融洽相处的感情，乐于合作，善于合作的团体合作精神。

3）通过课文中出现的科学家及科学成就激励学生热爱科学、投身科学研究、探索科学研究的方法

三、教学策略

1）开放式教学策略。以有限的课堂为载体，带学生进入广阔的知识天地。

2）引趣激趣策略。创设多种情景（境）激发学生的兴趣，只有让学生真正有了参与的欲望，才能点燃他们的思维火花。

3)合作学习策略。合作学习强调通过师生、生生的多边互动进行人际交往、信息交流，能满足学生个体内部需要。

4)体验成功策略。使学生在特定的完成任务过程主动积极地获得和积累相应的学习经验，享受成功的喜悦，从而提高学习兴趣和成就动机。

四、学习策略

引导学生利用图书馆和网络资源进行一系列的自主学习、合作探究的学习策略。对于本单元鼓励学生课前收集科技成就、中关村和美国的硅谷的资料，上课时勤思考、主动参与课堂上的各种活动。

五、单元教学设计

依据《新课程标准》及对于学生教学目标的要求，课堂设计本着教学应“以人为本”的总的教学理念，课堂中充分利用网络资源、设计相应难度的任务，以增加教学的直观性和趣味性，提高教学效率。根据学生学习英语的特点和规律，学习阶段的侧重点，我把本单元划分六课时完成：听力、口语、阅读（2课时）、语言、写作、评价。

period 1 warming-up & listening

goals: 1. get the ss to talk about what science and scientific achievements have affected the world to stimulate them to further efforts.

2. cultivate the students’ ability of listening for information.

一、warming up

task ng: have a free chat with the ss about their holidays to present the topic scientific achievements

task 2. match the scientists and their scientific achievements （group work）

alexander bell electricity

thomas edison the first telephone

the wright brothers‘ the electric lamp

madame curie black holes in universe

franklin theory of gravity

steven hawking the first plane

elbert einstein radium

isaac newton the theory of relativity

task 3. talk about scientific achievements

1) how have the scientific achievements changed the world?

2) which one do you think is the most important? why?

3) what are some other scientific achievements that you think are important?

4) do these achievements have anything in common? if so, what?

task 4. discussion (pair work)

is this an easy job to achieve success in science research? what makes a scientist?

二、pre-listening

task get to know neil armstrong, alexander gramham bell, ray tomlinson and armchimedes.

三、listening

task 1. listen to part 1 and complete the chart below.

words speaker achievement

“that’s one small step for a man , one giant leap for mankind neil armstrong

“mr watson, ______________;

i want you.” alexander graham bell

“qwertyuiop” ray tomlinson

can you explain tomlinson’s message?

task 2 .listen to part 2 and complete the sentence below.

word “ “ are famous because they are the

of the constitution of the united states of america.

is a word from the language and means

you ask a father, he might say : “ “

if you ask a mother, she might say : “ “

四、post-listening (group work)

language input: as what you have heard just now, some words become famous not because they are beautiful or wise but because they are spoken when a great new scientific achievement is being announced or made. if you are lucky enough to be the first person…., what would you say?

task: choose one situation and then share with your partners.

a the first person on mars

b the first cloned human being

c the first person to travel in time

五、homework

1 listen to the tape, finish the listening part on wb (p81).

2 preview the reading passage.

period two speaking

goals: and master the useful expressions

the students’ listening and speaking abilities.

about scientists and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significant of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.

一、pre-task

another new year began. have you got any wishes/ plans? what are they? with your plan made, what intentions have you got? in this way the following expressions are aroused.

useful expressions

if i got the money, i would…

my plan is to…..

i hope that…

i would rather….

how i wish… i want / wish/ hope / intend/ plan to…

i’d like to…

i’m thinking of…

i’m going to….

i have decided to…

二、speaking (group work)

situation: four scientists ,each of whom is working on an important project, want to get money to complete their project. each scientist will introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. the organizer will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. at the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why.

dr wilson

you and your team are working on a cure for aids. your research is extremely important because . dr jones

your research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure diseases. your project is important because .

dr smith

you want to development new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. this is important because . dr winfrey

you are working on sending a manned spaceship to mars. this is a very important project because .

三、post task

now you did a very good job in acting as a scientist. do you want to be a scientist? if so, which field are you interested in? if not, what do you want to be? use the expressions of wishes and intentions to talk about your dream.

2. imagine you are a reporter who is going to report the space hero about his wishes and intentions. take turns acting as interviewer and interviewee.

四、homework

1. interview your parents about their wishes and intentions using the expressions we learent.

2. preview the reading passage.

period 3&4 reading

goals: and master the following words and phrases. likely, private, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure, locate, valley.

the ss’ reading ability.(read for general information and detailed information.)

the ss to learn about zhongguancun--china’s silicon valley.

一、pre-reading

scientific achievements important? how do they improve our daily life? how do they improve society?

do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

is known to us, scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also promote the development of mankind and society. so i want to run a hi-tech company, what should i arrange for? what kind of support and environment would i need?

if i set up my company in zhongguancun ? how much do you know about zhongguancun?

you know the sign “lenovo”? where is it located?

二、while-reading

1. fast reading

task: read the text quickly and try to find information about zhongguancun to finish the chart below.

item zhongguancun

locating

brief history

spirit/culture

educational institutions

hi-tech companies

2、careful reading

task 1 : get to know the outline of the text

this article have a topic sentence? what is it?

are the supporting ideas?

be home to

zhongguancun: center be home to

be home to

task 2: get to know detailed information

did xiang yufang study abroad and work abroad for a few years？

made it possible for xiang yufang to return to china?

does zhongguancun affect business?

4..what are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?

三、listening & questions

task: listen to the tape and finish the true or fasle.

1. zhongguancun is the new center for chinese science and education

2. within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into zhongguancun.

3. xiang yufang studied abroad because he felt comfortable abroad.

4. more than 8,000 hi-tech companies in zhongguancun. more than half of them are it companies.

5. zhongguancun park is home to lenovo and founder and more than 20 famous national companies.

6. the researchers and scientists know that the spirit and creativity they represent are no more than money.

四、post-reading

choose the correct answers. there may be more than one correct answer.

ing to the author, zhongguancun is home to .

a. some famous research institutes and universities b. many it companies

c. more and more returned overseas chinese d. a number of science parks.

is not true about zhongguancun?

a. it is located in haidian district, in northwestern beijing.

was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.

c. most of its companies are doing it business.

d. it is not a good place for new companies.

ing to the reading, xiang yufang returned to china and opened a company in zhongguancun because .

a. he wanted to see more of the world

b. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field

c. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same time

d. he missed his friends and family

ing to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above?

a. 25,000 b. 30,000 c. 35,000 d. 180,000

is ‘failure” understood in zhonguancun?

a. there are fewer failure in zhongguancun

b. many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail.

c. failure is a necessary part of being successful.

d. the best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail.

五、discussion (group work)

language input: in this class, we’ve learned more about zhongguancun by reading the passage. as a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. it is sometimes called “china’s silicon valley”. do you know “silicon valley”? where is it? when was it set up? why was it set up?

task: work in groups of four to compare these two science parks and find out in which ways they are similar and different. you can refer to the following chart.

hi-tech park silicon valley zhongguancun

when was it established?

why was it established?

where is it?

what kinds of companies are located there?

what are some famous companies?

why do people want to work there?

六、homework

1. pick out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can .

2. consult the following websites.

/mld/siliconvalley/

period 5 language study

goals: some words which are the closest in meaning.

the ways of forming a word.

the meaning of some affixes and stems.

一、revision.

task . introduce zhongguancun

二、word study

task 1. use the clues below to guess the words

opposite of “public” 2.a synonym of “depend”

lowest or bottom part the sun

organization for educational or research purpose.

lly large person, animal, plant.

or region with a particular feature or use.

t any fault or bad points.

task 2. choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence.(p5)

三、presentation

task: study the words on the screen and find out the ways of forming a word. (class work)

international=inter + national telephone= tele + phone

mankind=man + kind broadband=broad + band

extremely=extreme + ly manned=man + ed

hi-tech=high + technology e-mail=electronic mail

it=information + technology csa=chinese space agency

affixation: international, telephone, extremely, manned

compounding: mankind, broadband

clipping: hi-tech, e-mail

abbreviation: it, csa

四、practice

task 1. finish the exx2-4 to understand how the words are formed.(p6)

task 2. get to know the meaning of stems and affixes. (pair work)

. look at the stems and affixes on the screen. match each of them with the right meaning on the right.

trans- carry

-graph see

tele- below

super- life

co- together/with

vis- more than usual

bio- far

sub- across

-port writing

task 3. word formation makes it easy for the ss to guess the meaning of words using

context clues.

use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.

countries import most of the oil they use.

studied biophysics at college.

is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.

you luggage will be transported to the destination by train.

cousin has an excellent voice. her dream is to become a superstar.

五、consolidation

read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed (pair work)

homework:

1. finish off the exercises on the workbook.(p83-84.

2. preview integrating skills

period 6 integrating skills

goals: and master the new words and phrases

the ss’ integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.

一、revision

1. ask the ss to find some examples for each way of forming a word?

2. guess some new words with the help of word formation.

a. the average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.

b. she has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.

c. he is a kind of intellectual superman.

d. the lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate .

e. transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.

in: human beings are creative, and many scientific achievements have been made in our history. what great inventions do you know in china’s history? what red hot achievements do you know?

二、fast reading

1. what plan has helped chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?

2. which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?

三、careful reading (group work)

work in groups of four . use what you have learnt from the text to complete the chart below.

field achievements importance

exploring space

genetic research

computer engineering

medical science

四、writing

1. which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievement?

2. situation: do you know modern science? they are thinking of writing an essay about the greatest scientific achievement but they find it difficult to decide . write a short essay in about 150 words, telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think so. the following outline may be helpful to you.

introduction: state your view

outline body : give your reasons (at least 2)

conclusion: summary

五、self-assessment

using the assessing part on p.87, ss are helped to review what they have learned or done in this unit learning. in this way they can learn to reflect and pay attention to their weak points in the later learning (the evaluation items can be adapted if appropriate).

教学反思

本单元的教学设计从学生实际出发，以科技成就为主线设计了若干情景与活动，旨在让学生积极参与学习活动，开口说英语，并使学生在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握语言知识，锻炼阅读理解能力。在教学实践中笔者体会到，教学应注意以下几点：：

1．学生在合作中学习更有助于提高学生学习的积极性，以及课堂参与的积极性。所以应当发挥小组功能，在合作中操练。小组活动是课堂活动的主要形式，如何落实小组中各个学生的角色是组织好小组活动的关键。这需要教师长期的训练。

2．设计活动时要充分考虑学生的情感态度，要设法让学生在快乐中学习。但教师不能片面地追求所谓的“快乐”，一味强调课堂气氛的活跃，而忽视学生对知识的掌握和对学生能力的培养。

3．信息技术的运用要为教学服务，不可喧宾夺主。在教学过程与信息技术的整合过程中，教师应注意信息技术只是一种辅助手段，不能由它控制全部流程。同时也应有效地利用这种手段，加快课堂节奏，增加课堂容量，提高课堂教学效率，使课堂气氛更加活跃，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中得到感情上的升华。

4．要处理好实践与反思的关系。反思是实践的一面镜子，能折射出实践中的成功和不足之处，以期在以后的教学中借鉴成功，改进不足。

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十二

i. brief statements based on the unit

do you like poetry? have you read a limerick? the whole contents of unit 4 are about poetry. four separate parts consist of this unit. first, the simple questions bring the students back to the poems, songs and rhymes they have learned. by reciting them, the students will be struck by the words and colorful meaning of some poems. then they are arranged to read and enjoy a special, funny poem-a limerick, listen to a passage about poems and talk about all kinds of poems written by some great masters. this will greatly raise the students interests about poems. they will be sure to want further information about english poems. the text“english poetry”describes the advantages of reading poems. plenty of detailed information about the history and development of english poems is also given in the text. the comparison of english and chinese poems shows us a clear picture of the similarity and difference between the poems of the two countries. the text sings high praise for the two great translators --lu xun and guo moruo. however, at the end of the text, the writer tells us that something of the spirit of the original works is lost in translated works. this means that we should read original works instead of translated ones as many as possible. plenty of exercises before and after the text get the students to understand the whole text and grasp its detailed information. the third part is mainly about past participle used as attribute and adverbial. through different kinds of exercises the students can master this part well. at the end of this unit,

a simple but interesting passage tells us a lot and gives us a perfect answer to the question why people read and sometimes even write poetry. a simple and practical way to enjoy the poems is shown to us. this will encourage more students to join in the learning and appreciating poetry. the students will improve their ability to listen, speak, read and write as well as learning plenty of useful words and expressions after they learn the unit.

ii． teaching goals

1. talk about english poetry.

2. practice expressing intention and decision.3. learn about the past participle (3) used as adverbial.

4. write about a poem.

iii. teaching time: five periods

iv. background information

1. shakespeare

for any englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the worlds greatest poet and greatest dramatist. only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of william shakespeare. every englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. all of us use words, phrases and quotations from shakespeares writings that have become part of the common property of english-speaking people. most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we use. rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of hamlet and complained that it was full of well-know proverbs and quotations!

shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, made full use of the great resources of the english language. most of us use about five thousand words in our normal employment of english; shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand! there is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the english language than by studying the various ways in which shakespeare used it. such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners), even though some aspects of english usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since shakespeares day.

it is paradoxical that we should know comparatively little about the life of the greatest english author. we know that shakespeare was born in 1564 in stratford-on-avon and he died there in 1616. he almost certainly attended the grammar school in the town, but of this we cannot be sure. we know he was married there in 1582 to anne hathaway and that he had three children, a boy and two girls. we know that he spent much of his life in london writing his masterpieces. but this is almost all that we do know.

however, what is important about shakespeares life is not its incidental details but his products, the plays and the poems. for many years scholars have been trying to add a few facts about shakespeares life to the small number we already possess and for an equally long time critics have been theorising about the plays. sometimes, indeed, it seems that the poetry of shakespeare will disappear beneath the great mass of comment that has been written upon it.

fortunately this is not likely to happen. shakespeares poetry and shakespeares people ( macbeth, othello, hamlet, falstaff and the others) have long delighted not just the english but lovers of literature everywhere, and will continue to do so after the scholars and commentators and all their works have been forgotten.

2. about shakespeares plays

william shakespeare ( 1564 ～ 1616), english dramatist and poet, is regarded by many people as the greatest english writer of all time. he wrote his first play when he was twenty-six years old. within about twenty- two years of this writing career, he gave to the world nearly forty plays, including comedies, histories and tragedies. of all his plays,“hamlet” is perhaps the best known. his plays, written in the late 16th and early 17th centuries for a small theatre, are today per- formed more often and in more countries than ever before. many of the words first used by him, and many of his expressions have become everyday usage in english speech and writing.

of shakespeares plays have come down to us. their probable chronological order is arranged as follows： the first period(1590～1600)

1590--henry vi, part i.

henry vi, part ii.

1591--henry vi, part iii.

1592--richard iii.

the comedy of errors.

1593--titus andronicus.

the taming of the shrew.

1594--the two gentlemen of verona.

loves labours lost.

romeo and juliet.

1595--richard ii

a mid-summer nights dream.

1596--king john.

the merchant of venice.

1597--henry iv, part i.

henry iv, part ii.

1598--much ado about nothing.

henry v.

the merry wives of windsor.

1599--julius caesar.

as you like it.

1600--twelfth night.

the second period( 1601～ 1608) :

1601-- hamlet.

1602--troilus and cressida.

alls well that ends well.

1604--measure for measure.

othello.

1605--king lear.

macbeth.

1606--antony and cleopatra.

1607--coriolanus.

timon of athens.

1608--pericles.

the third period(1609～1612) :

1609--cymbeline.

1610---the winters tale.

1612--the tempest.

henry viii.

the first period

teaching aims:

1. talking about poems to raise the students interest in poems.

2. listening to improve the students listening ability.3. making up dialogues to improve the students speaking ability.

teaching important points:

1. how to get the students to grasp the main idea of a passage by listening.

2. how to improve the students speaking ability.

teaching difficult point:

how to direct the students to grasp the detailed information to finish the listening task.

teaching methods:

1. pair work or group work to make every student join in the class activities.

2. discussion to make every student express himself freely.

teaching aids:

1. a tape recorder

2. a computer

3. a projector

teaching procedures:

step i greetings and revision

t: good morning, everyone!

ss: good morning, mrs/mr × !

t: sit down, please. have you finished your homework?

ss: yes.

t: please take out your exercise-books. lets check your homework. wu dong, …

(teacher checks the students homework. then the teacher and students learn the new words of this period together. )

step ii warming up

t: do you like poetry, sa?

sa: yes, i do. i like it very much.

t: why do you like it?

sa: i learn a great deal from poetry. when i was a small child, my mother taught

me the poem: 锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土。谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。and she explained the meaning of it. i know from a little child that grain comes from pains and we should not waste whatever we eat.

t: how about you, sb ?

sb: i dont like poetry very much, because i had a bad memory when i was a small child. i like to make something.

t： what english poems, song words or rhymes have you read? can you recite any?

sc：ive read some english poems when i was in junior middle school. and it is

like this:

i love the sun

i love the sun,

i love the spring,

i love the birds,

that gaily sing.

i love my school,

i love my play,

and i love all,

that is nice and gay.

sd: i remember ive read a poem about the names of the months. it is:

thirty days have september.

april, june and november,

all the rest have thirty-one,

excepting february alone,

and that has twenty-eight days clear,

and twenty nine in each leap year.

t: very good. now turn to page 25. do the third part. do you know“打油诗”?

in english limerick is like“打油诗”in chinese. it is a special, funny poem and is written just to make people laugh. read the two limericks and enjoy them.

(students read the poems together and at last two students are asked to read them.)

t: what is the pattern of each poem? “pattern” means “格调”.

se: its funny. it is written just to make others laugh, i think.

t: now, please answer the last question on page 25.

sf :to talk about poets and poetry, we often use the words ：“good, bad,

interesting, funny, dull, meaningful, meaningless, etc”.

sa: we will also use“ moving, instructive, encouraging, make me happy, sad, etc”.

t: what phrases do you think will be useful when you express your intentions

and reach decisions?

sh :when we want to express our intentions, we often say: im going to…; i

intend/mean/plan to… ; i will…; i feel like (doing sth. )…; id like to… ; im ready to…; i would rather not…etc.

si：when we want to reach decisions, we often use: in my opinion, we should…;

whats your opinion? i think/believe/suppose we should…;i dont think its

necessary to…; we must decide…; i hope we can reach/come to/arrive at/ take/make a decision, etc.

step iii listening

t： now lets do listening. please turn to page 25 and read the instructions first. (students begin to read the instructions. some minutes later, teacher says the following. )

t: do you know what you should do after you listen to the tape?

ss: yes.

t： now ill play the tape. when i play it for the first time, do ex. 1, please.

when i play it for the second time, do ex. 2. if you have anything you dont

hear clearly, please let me know. at the end of listening, ill play the tape once more and give you enough time to check your answers. then check your answers with your partner. ill ask one or two students to give us their answers at last. do you understand what ive said?

ss: yes.

step iv speaking

t: lets do speaking. please open your books on page 26. there are four circles on this page. each circle lists some information about poems. they are topics for poems, periods of time, groups or names of poets and human feeling shown in poems. ask your partner what kind of poetry he or she might want to read. choose a word from each circle and explain why you want to read a poem like that or not. work in groups or pairs. have a discussion and make up a dialogue to express what you want to say. the useful expressions on the screen might be helpful to you.

(teacher shows the screen.)

useful expressions

im interested to…but…

i think it will be too difficult to…

i think i might want to…

i think it will be boring…

i want to…

im very interested in…so…

id like to…

im not very interested in…so…

ive never heard of…so…

i hope to find…

ive never read any…so…

i dont know much about…

but…

t :( after a few minutes. ) have you finished?

ss: yes. t: now who will tell us your opinions? volunteers?

sa: and sb : (standing up. )well try. …

sample dialogue: sa--a; sb--b

a: what kind of poetry do you like to read?

b: i like to read poems about nature.

a: why are you interested to read such poems? b: when i read this kind of poem, it seems that i was in a different world. the things described in the poem seems to be real ones. they seem to be around me. i feel them and enjoy them.

a: what kind of poems are you not interested in?

b: im not interested in poems about pets. we have a lot of important things to do and i think i have no time to have pets. what about you?

a: im interested in poems about humour, because it can bring happiness to us. all the unhappy things are gone with the laughter.

t: very good. who else will do this?

sc and sd : well try. …

sample dialogue:

sc-a; sd--b

a: i know that you can recite plenty of poems. can you tell me what kind of poems you like?

b: i like the poems by li bai, especially the ones to describe nature.

a: for what reason do you like them?

b: when i read them, i feel comfortable. a poem of his is a beautiful picture hanging before us. i would go into the picture as i read them.

a: what kind of poems are you not interested in?

b: poems about broken hearts. they make me sad. whats your opinion?

a: i like the poems about the sea and i dont like the noes about death and broken hearts.

b: just like me!

step v summary and homework

t: in this period, our topic is about poems. we have talked a lot about

poems. what kind of poems do you like? this is an interesting topic. after class, go on with you topics and discussion. you can use the expressions we just mentioned on the screen. do you remember them? ok. please tell us. (students repeat the expressions and teacher writes them on the blackboard. ) thats all for today. class is over

step v the design of the writing on the blackboard

unit 4 a garden of poems the first period

useful expressions:

im interested to…but…

i think i might want to…

i want to…

id like to…

ive never heard of…so…

ive never read any…so…

i think it will be too difficult to…

i think it will be boring…

im very interested in…so…

im not very interested in… so…

i hope to find…

i dont know much about…but……

step vii record after teaching

____________________________________

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十三

1. 拯救地球 save the earth

2. 地球面临的最大问题是什么？

what is the biggest problem facing the earth?

3. 一个有价值的资源 a valuable resource

4. 造成严重的污染 cause serious pollution

5. 讨论该问题 discuss the issue

6. 烧煤 burn the coal

7. 用一个比较好的方式 in a better way

8. 做笔记 take notes of…

9. 得出结论 draw a conclusion

10. 支持/反对 be for/ against

11. 交换意见 share ideas

12. 取得进步 make much progress

13. 主题 main theme

14. 可持续发展 sustainable development

15. 谈论 speak about/ of

16. 在不破坏环境的情况

without damaging the environment

17. 出席国际会议

attend the international conference

18. 做了一个很重要的演讲

make a very important speech

19. 根据世卫组织的意思

according to the world health organization

20. 愿意做某事 be willing to do

21. 参加活动 take part in

22. 自由利用 have free access to

23. 与。。。和谐 in harmony with

24. 结束死亡和苦难

put an end to the death and suffering

25. 擦干净 wipe out

26. 对。。。有影响 have an effect on

27. 劝说某人做某事 advise sb to do

28. 尽所能去做某事 do whatever one can to do

29. 在农村地区 in rural areas

30. 采取行动 take action

31. 采取措施 take measures to do

32. 有大的成效/有所不同 make a difference

33. 空调 air conditioner

34. 改变现状 improve the situation

35. 对。。。有更好的了解

have a better understanding of

36. 对。。。掌握；熟悉 have a good knowledge of

37. 找到解决办法 find solution to the problem

38. 教育是未来的关键

education is the key to the future

39. 上学 attend school

40. 对学习满意 be content/satisfied with

41. 偶然 by chance

42. 充分利用时间 make full use of time

43. 以。。。的速度 at a speed of

44. 防御 defend oneself against/from

45. 因。。。表扬。。。 praise sb for sth

46. 强调保护水资源的重要性

stress the importance of protecting

the water resources

47. 对。。。负责 be responsible for

48. 刚。。。就。。。 hardly/ barely/ scarcely… when

no sooner…than

49. 照顾；护理 attend to

50. 与某人有共同的信仰/信念

share one’s belief/faith

51. 一个备用轮胎 a spare tire

52. 在空闲时间 in the spare time

53. 递给我一个婚礼请柬

hand me a wedding invitation

54. 加强；增强 build up

55. 消息传开 word got around.

56. 一位著名的教育专家

a well-known educational expert

57. 有意义；行得通；有道理 make sense

58. 在危险中 at risk/ in danger

59. 与其说。。。不如说 more… than…(分开)

60. 不仅仅 more than （不分开）

61. 面对激烈的竞争 face fierce competition

62. 受益于 benefit from

63. 店员 a shop assistant

64. 受到压力 under pressure

65. 带某人参观 show sb around sp

66. 展览 on show

67. 名胜古迹

a place of interest/ places of interest

68. 过得高兴 have a wonderful time

69. 为你的观点辩护 defend your argument

70. 插嘴 cut in / break in

71. 插队 jump the queue

72. 令我惊讶的是 to my surprise

73. 收到某人的来信 hear from sb

74. 找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发 find out

75. 别无选择只能 have no alternative but to do

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十四

the british isles

(designed to the periods)

teaching aims and demands

1. topic: talk about british isles---- the uk and ireland.

2. vocabulary and useful expressions:

consist of, be made up of, make the most of, hold together, lie off, at one point, the atlantic ocean, run over.

3. function:

practise expressing agreement and disagreement

a. agreement:

i believe that you have got it right.

surely it must be….

yes, you are right, but ….

yes, i agree with you.

b. disagreement:

don’t you think that…..?

aren’t you confusing …..?

i don’t think that’s right ….

i don’t think so.

you must be mistaken……

no, you are wrong thinking that …….

i’m afraid you’re wrong …..

4. grammar:

noun clauses (1)---- subject/ object/ predicative/ appositive

what life will be like is the topic for today’s class discussion.

can you imagine that what man will look like in 1000 years?

the reason why he didn’t come to school is that he was ill.

the news that our football team was defeated is known to all.

5. using the language:

write a description of a town and the countryside

teaching procedure:

period 1.

step g up

1. brainstorming:

a. work in groups to find out as much as you can about the geography, history, language, culture, famous people, buildings and other things in the uk and ireland.

b. use a map to let the ss know the location of the british isles.

2. following the steps of the warming-up on page 33.

step 2. pre-reading

1. show some pictures of famous architecture and famous scenery pictures of the uk and ireland.

2. group work: describe the pictures.

step 3. while-reading

1. scanning: ss read quickly and answer:

what are the most important facts about the united kingdom?

how many countries make up the british isles?

what are the most important facts about ireland?

2. ss read and get the main ideas of each paragraph.

step 4. post-reading:

finish the three questions on p 36.

step 5. assignment

surf the internet and get more information about the topic.

period 2.

step 1. warming up

spanide the ss into a few groups to do group work.:

choose one of the following topic to discuss: history / geography /culture / language

(after the discussion each group elect a speaker to report their result to the whole class.)

step 2. learning about the language

teacher explain some language points in the text on page 19--20.

1. the idea that english stands for fish & chips, the speaker corner and the tower of london is past.

that 引导同位语从句。more examples:

i made a promise that if anyone sent the bag back to me, i would share the money with him or her.

比较同位语从句和定语从句：

mother made a promise that excited all her children.

2. within the uk for many years now, there have been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural spanersity.

make the most of 充分利用

you have only a short holiday, so make the most of it.

3. between britain and ireland , in the irish sea, lies the small isle of man. to the southeast of britain lie the channel islands.

介绍或复习倒装句。

step 3. practice

1. ss finish the word study by themselves.

2. check the answer.

3. teacher gives ss suggested answer and tell them why if the ss have any problem.

step 4. assignment

1. learn the useful expressions by heart.

2. read the passage on p113-114, and finish the related exercises..

period 3

step 1. revision

check the comprehending ex on p114

step 2. discoverig useful structures

1. ss look at the following sentences and underline the noun clauses.

let ss themselves find the functions of the noun clauses.

study more examples .

exercises to consolidate the grammar.

what life will be like is the topic for today’s class discussion.

can you imagine that what man will look like in 1000 years?

the reason why he didn’t come to school is that he was ill.

the news that our football team was defeated is known to all.

4. finish ex1-4 on p38 for consolidation.

step 3. talking

1. ss four in one group and have a discussion about the topic on page 110

2. ss make notes during the discussion, and try to reach an agreement that is acceptable to all.

3. ss show their result to the class.

step 4. assignment

finish wb ex 1and 2 on page 112.

period 4. (listening & speaking)

step 1. listening

1. ss finish the listening task on page 33.

2. ss listen to the tape again and check the answers.

step 2 speaking

do the speaking practice as ususal, focusing the following expressions:

a. agreement:

i believe that you have got it right.

surely it must be….

yes, you are right, but ….

yes, i agree with you.

b. disagreement:

don’t you think that…..?

aren’t you confusing …..?

i don’t think that’s right ….

i don’t think so.

you must be mistaken……

no, you are wrong thinking that …….

i’m afraid you’re wrong …..

step 2. dealing with the ex 1-2 on p 109 of workbook.

step 3. listening skills

give the students some tips on how to improve listening while checking the ex.

a. make notes while listening;

b. grasp the most important information

period 5 (writing )

step 1. pre-writing

1. ss read the passage and get the general idea about it.

2. explain the skills on how to organize a paragraph.

step 2. while-writing

1. ss write a paragraph to introduce your town , including the landscape, culture relics, the most important features of your town, the people, their life, trade and culture.

2. ss exchange their writing and correct the mistakes.

3. ss rewrite the letter again.

step 3. after-writing

choose some samples and show them in class.

step 4. assignment

ss in group 3-5, make an plan to travel around the british isles.

period 6.

teachers can use this period freely.

suggestion: teachers can use this period to let ss sum up what they have learned and explain what ss couldn’t understand very well in this unit. teachers can also add more practice in this period to consolidate what the ss have learned. finally, ask the ss to finish assessing on page 115. it is very important to improve their learning and let them have a sense of achieving gradually.

虚拟语气简单例句虚拟语气在简单句中的用法篇十五

1. what will life be like in the future? 未来的生活是什么样子？

in the future相当于in time yet to come，意为“将来”，指较长的将来一段时间。

who knows what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么事？

id like to be a teacher in the future. 将来我想当一名教师。

(1) in future 相当于from now on，意为“今后；以后”，常指离现在较近的一段将来时间。

dont do that in future. 以后别再干那种事了。

be more careful with your spelling in future. 今后多注意你的拼写。

(2) for the future表示“为将来”，在句中作定语或状语。

wed better lay up some money for the future. 我们最好为将来攒一些钱。

its necessary to plan for the future. 对未来进行规划是有必要的。

用上述短语填空：

①could you be more careful ____ ? ②im sure at some point ____ ill want a baby.

(keys: ①in future ②in the future)

2. make predictions/ forecasts about对…进行预测 make a weather forecast for tomorrow预报明天的天气

pre-reading

3. what will the future be like in general? 将来整体上是什么样子？

in general是介词短语，意为“一般地”、“大体上”、“大都”，在句中作状语。如：

i like games in general, and especially football. 各种运动我一般都喜欢，尤其是足球。

i am glad to find myself in general accord with your opinions. 我很高兴地发现我的意见与你的看法基本一致。

in total总数in detail详细地in treatment在治疗 in common共同地in order井然有序的 in place在原来(合适)位置 in doubt怀疑in hospital在住院in prison在监狱(服刑) in public 公开地in secret秘密地in return 作为报答

用上述短语填空：

① ____ , men are taller than women. ②he talked ____ about the curtains hes bought.

③id never speak like that ____ . (keys: ①in general ②in detail ③in public)

reading

3. what life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. 很难预言将来的生活会是什么样。

4. one way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society. 考察当代社会的大趋势可以帮助我们对未来做出窥测。

* catch a glimpse of = catch a brief sight of; see sb/ sth for a very short time

一眼瞥见; 大致看; 很快地看一眼

.catch/ get/ have a (brief)glimpse很快地看一眼，匆匆一瞥 catch/ get/ have a sight of看到

i caught a glimpse of her as she got into the car.

she caught a glimpse of meg at the station this morning.

5. contemporary society/styles现代社会/风格 be contemporary with与…属于同一时代

contemporary用作形容词，意为“同时期的”、“当代的”，用作名词，意为“同时期的人”、“同辈”、“报刊同业”。如： contemporary literature 当代文学

marlowe was contemporary with shakespeare. 马洛与莎士比亚同时代。

keats and shelley were contemporaries. 济慈和雪莱是同代人。

6. current trends indicate that transportation is becoming cleaner, faster and safer.(当代趋势表明…)

7. a good example of how transportation is changing is the new maglev train, which is environmentally friendly, energy-saving and travels at an amazing 430 km/h.

新型的磁悬浮列车就是交通运输变化的一个很好的例子。它既环保，又节约能源，还能以430公里的惊人时速行驶。

* 本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词为the new maglev train。

* environmentally friendly = not damaging the environment

environmentally friendly washing powder 环保洗衣粉

energy-saving节约能源的 paper-making造纸的 english- speaking说英语的

* 表示“以…的速度；以…的价格；以…的比率”，介词一般用at.

e.g. the new car has a speed limit. it has to run at 80 kilometers per hour.

i bought the books at the price of 10 dollars each.

8. ensure sb. from/ against danger保护某人免受危险 ensure safety确保安全

9. reform oneself 改过自新 reform and open 改革开发 a reform in teaching methods教法改革

10. * in touch with ＝ in communication with 同…联系

e.g. let’s keep in touch. let’s keep in touch with each other.

we are in close touch with our office in usa. 我们与我们在美国的办事处有密切联系。

* out of touch 失去联系

we have been out of touch with lillian.

keep in touch (with) 与...保持联系 get in touch with 和...取得联系 lose touch with 和...失去联系 be in touch (with) 和...有联系 be/get out of touch (with) 失去联系；脱离

由keep构成的词组

keep back; keep in mind; keep one’s balance; keep on; keep up with;

keep doing; keep sb/ sth doing; keep sb/ sth from doing

11. be crowded with 充满/挤满了 the crowd 人群 crowd into涌入，挤入

12. remain/ stay/ keep open/ closed 仍然开/关着 remain/ stay a problem仍是个问题

remain/ stay the same 保持不变 remain/ stay sitting 仍然坐着 remain/ stay unfinished 仍然没完成 remain/ stay in great poverty 仍然很穷（人）逗留 remain/ stay in hospital

13. deal with 对付，处理（常与 how连用，do with与 what连用）2）与.打交道we have dealt with the company for 10 years．我们同这家公司打了十年的交道。

14. with a better understanding of 随着---的了解/除 with the development of 随着---的发展

15. on the air广播中/放映（的）（被广播/放映的） speak on the air在广播中/电视上讲话。

16. the way we view learning and knowledge is also changing. 我们对于学习和知识的看法也在变

17. come true（不可用被动）/ turn into reality/ be realized实现，成为现实

18. we cannot be sure whether our dreams will come true,we can at least be hopeful that our efforts to improve the world will be successful.我们无法确定梦想能否实现，但至少我们对我们改造世界的能力会获得成功充满信心。

be hopeful + of / about / that从句

we are hopeful of getting your support.

we are hopeful about their future.

she was hopeful that her job would bring in more money. hopefully

mary said hopefully, “i’ll find it.” (怀着希望地)

hopefully everything turns out well.

hopefully we’ll arrive before dark. (如果顺利地话，但愿)

19. if we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different,we will be well-prepared for wherever the future may have in store.如果我们学会接受变化，学会欣赏新的、不同的事物，我们就能有准备地迎接未来带给我们的一切。

in store贮藏着；准备着；就要来到 have/ hold/ keep sth. in store 贮藏/准备着某物

we have a lot of food in store for bad weather.

there will be a shock in store for him.

language study

20. this company promises that consumers who have been cheated by it can get twice their money back．这家公司保证被它欺骗的消费者可以得回两倍的钱。

(1)…倍数+the size(weight／height／width／length．．．)of+…

eg：that house being built there is 3 times the height of this old one．

正在被修建的那个房是这所旧房的三倍。

the desk is 4 times the length of the box．这张课桌的长度是个那盒子的四倍。

(2)…倍数+比较级+that+…

the number of students in their school is three times larger than that in ours．他们学校学生数量比我们学校多三倍。

(3)…倍数+as +adj／adv．(原级)+as+…

asia is 4 times as large as europe．亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。

(4)…倍数+as+many+n．(可数名词复数)+as...

we got 3 times as many people as we had planned．我们买的书是我们原先计划的3倍之多。

(5)…倍数+as+much+n．(不可数名词)+as…

the book cost me 3 times as much money as the one i bought in beijing last year．这本书的价钱是我去年在北京买的那本的3倍之多。

integrating skills

21. company n．(1)友谊，交情，陪伴[u]

we will be glad of your company 0n the journey．旅行中有你陪伴我们会很高兴。

(a) in company(with)陪伴某人，和……在一起

(b) keep sb．company=keep company with sb．陪伴某人，和……在一起

he kept me company．他陪伴我。

(2)伴侣，同伴[u]

eg：i have company this evening．今晚我有客。

公司[c] we organized a publishing company．

【拓展】 part company(with)和某人分手，断绝来往in the company of在……陪同下

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